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Carpinus caroliniana, the American hornbeam, is a small hardwood understory tree in the genus Carpinus. American hornbeam is also known as blue-beech , ironwood , musclewood and muscle beech . It is native to eastern North America , from Minnesota and southern Ontario east to Maine , and south to eastern Texas and northern Florida .
The common English name hornbeam derives from the hardness of the woods (likened to horn) and the Old English beam, "tree" (cognate with Dutch Boom and German Baum).. The American hornbeam is also occasionally known as blue-beech, ironwood, or musclewood, the first from the resemblance of the bark to that of the American beech Fagus grandifolia, the other two from the hardness of the wood and ...
The American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana) is a deciduous hardwood that prefers shade. "This is a cold-resistant tree that will even do well in zones 3 and 4," says Sons.
Among the many features of the American hornbeam: They boast 'muscular' trunks, colorful leaves in spring and fall, and work well along creeksides.
Ostrya virginiana (American hophornbeam) is a small deciduous understory tree growing to 18 m (59 ft) tall and 20–50 centimetres (8–20 in) trunk diameter. The bark is brown to gray-brown, with narrow shaggy plates flaking off, while younger twigs and branches are smoother and gray, with small lenticels.
Native ash species, including white ash (pictured), have been declining rapidly this century due to predation by the emerald ash borer. [1]Silvics of North America (1991), [2] [3] a forest inventory compiled and published by the United States Forest Service, includes many hardwood trees.
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