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The demographics of New Zealand encompass the gender, ethnic, religious, geographic, and economic backgrounds of the 5.3 million [6] people living in New Zealand. New Zealanders predominantly live in urban areas on the North Island.
When completing the census people could select more than one ethnic group and this list includes all of the stated ethnic groups if more than one is chosen. [1] New Zealand's ethnic diversity can be attributed to its history and location. For example, the country's colonisation by the UK is a core reason for its Western values and culture.
The 2023 New Zealand census, which took place on 7 March 2023, [1] was the thirty-fifth national census in New Zealand.It implemented measures that aimed to increase the Census' effectiveness in response to the issues faced with the 2018 census, including supporting Māori to complete the census.
The 2018 New Zealand census, which took place on Tuesday 6 March 2018, was the thirty-fourth national census in New Zealand. [2] The population of New Zealand was counted as 4,699,755 – an increase of 457,707 (10.79%) over the 2013 census .
The table above shows the broad ethnic composition of the New Zealand population at the 1961 census compared to that from the most recent data of the 2013 census. People of European descent constituted the majority of the 4.2 million people living in New Zealand, with 2,969,391 or 74.0% of the population in the 2013 New Zealand census. [25]
The first general Census of New Zealand population was taken November–December 1851. Subsequent censuses were taken in 1858, 1861, 1864, 1867, 1871, 1874, 1878 and 1881 and thereafter at five-yearly intervals until 1926. [23] The table shows the ethnic composition of New Zealand population at each census since the early twentieth century.
At the 2018 census, there were 348,948 males and 358,650 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.973 males per female. 23.0% of the Asian ethnic group was born in New Zealand, up from 22.7% at the 2013 census and 20.0% at the 2006 census. Of those born in New Zealand, 64.6% were under the age of 15. [8]
There were 442,632 people identifying as being part of the Pacific Peoples ethnic group at the 2023 New Zealand census, making up 8.9% of New Zealand's population. [1] This is an increase of 60,990 people (16.0%) since the 2018 census, and an increase of 146,691 people (49.6%) since the 2013 census.