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The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (also Land Acquisition Act, 2013 or LARR Act [1] or RFCTLARR Act [2]) is an Act of Indian Parliament that regulates land acquisition and lays down the procedure and rules for granting compensation, rehabilitation and resettlement to the affected persons in India.
The Enemy Property Act, 1968 is an Act of the Parliament of India which enables and regulates the appropriation of property in India owned by Pakistani nationals. The act was passed following the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. [1] Ownership is passed to the Custodian of Enemy Property for India, a government department. [1]
The most recent advance towards equality in land rights in India was the Hindu Succession Act of 2005. This act aimed to remove the gender discrimination which was present in the Hindu Succession Act, 1956. In the new amendment, daughters and sons have equal rights to obtain land from their parents. [14]
The Interpretation of the Act, says "Immovable property does not include standing timber, growing crops or grass". Section 3(26), The General Clauses Act, 1897, defines, " immovable property" shall include land, benefits to arise out of the land, and things attached to the earth, or permanently fastened to anything attached to the earth.
Independent India's most revolutionary land policy was perhaps the abolition of the Zamindari system (feudal landholding practices). Land-reform policy in India had two specific objectives: "The first is to remove such impediments to increase in agricultural production as arise from the agrarian structure inherited from the past.
The founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah had a vision regarding the law of Pakistan, to implement a system in accordance to Islamic teachings, but it was never fulfilled, although it was fulfilled at the later stage when Pakistan had its first constitution in 1956. This vision, however, did have a lasting effect on later Pakistani lawmakers.
Land conflict in India is present in 45% of the districts of the country. [1] The conflict is spread over a number of sectors such as infrastructure, power, industry and forestry. [ 1 ] 25% of all disputes resolved by the Supreme Court of India are related to land disputes and land acquisition. [ 2 ]
In 1901, the Frontier Crimes Regulations were enacted in British India. In 1947, the Pakistani government added the clause to the act that residents could be arrested without specifying the crime. The BBC notes that "political activists term the FCR a black law because the accused cannot get bail in such cases." [4]