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To assess some of the durability design parameters, the use of accelerated laboratory test is suggested, such as the so called Rapid Chloride Migration Test to evaluate chloride penetration resistance of concrete [11] '. Through the application of corrective parameters, the long-term behaviour of the structure in real exposure conditions may be ...
The test hammer hits the concrete at a defined energy. Its rebound is dependent on the hardness of the concrete and is measured by the test equipment. By reference to a conversion chart, the rebound value can be used to determine the concrete's compressive strength. When conducting the test, the hammer should be held at right angles to the ...
For practical immediate considerations, it is incumbent to accurately test the fundamental properties of concrete in its fresh, plastic state. Field cured concrete in cubic steel molds (Greece) Concrete is typically sampled while being placed, with testing protocols requiring that test samples be cured under laboratory conditions (standard cured).
Long-term durability is an essential requirement for prestressed concrete given its widespread use. Research on the durability performance of in-service prestressed structures has been undertaken since the 1960s, [14] and anti-corrosion technologies for tendon protection have been continually improved since the earliest systems were developed. [15]
However, carbonated concrete incurs a durability problem only when there is also sufficient moisture and oxygen to cause electropotential corrosion of the reinforcing steel. One method of testing a structure for carbonation is to drill a fresh hole in the surface and then treat the cut surface with phenolphthalein indicator solution.
The flow table test or slump-flow test is a method to determine consistency of fresh concrete. Flow table test is also used to identify transportable moisture limit of solid bulk cargoes. [ 1 ] It is used primarily for assessing concrete that is too fluid (workable) to be measured using the slump test , because the concrete will not retain its ...
Price, W.F. and Widdows, S.J. Durability of concrete in hot climates: Benefits from permeable formwork, Proceedings of the 3rd International RILEM Symposium on Concrete in Hot Climates, (Ed M J Walker), Torquay, 21–24 September 1992, pp. 207–220.
GGBS is used to make durable concrete structures in combination with ordinary Portland cement and/or other pozzolanic materials. GGBS has been widely used in Europe, and increasingly in the United States and in Asia (particularly in Japan and Singapore) for its superiority in concrete durability, extending the lifespan of buildings.
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