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  2. T cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_cell

    A critical step in T cell maturation is making a functional T cell receptor (TCR). Each mature T cell will ultimately contain a unique TCR that reacts to a random pattern, allowing the immune system to recognize many different types of pathogens. This process is essential in developing immunity to threats that the immune system has not ...

  3. Thymocyte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymocyte

    The purpose of thymocyte development is to produce mature T cells with a diverse array of functional T cell receptors, through the process of TCR gene rearrangement. Unlike most genes, which have a stable sequence in each cell which expresses them, the T cell receptor is made up of a series of alternative gene fragments. In order to create a ...

  4. Thymus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymus

    B cells and T cells were identified as different types of lymphocytes in 1968, and the fact that T cells required maturation in the thymus was understood. [14] The subtypes of T cells (CD8 and CD4) were identified by 1975. [14]

  5. Thymic epithelial cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymic_epithelial_cell

    Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are specialized cells with high degree of anatomic, phenotypic and functional heterogeneity that are located in the outer layer (epithelium) of the thymic stroma. The thymus, as a primary lymphoid organ, mediates T cell development and maturation.

  6. V (D)J recombination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V(D)J_recombination

    V(D)J recombination (variable–diversity–joining rearrangement) is the mechanism of somatic recombination that occurs only in developing lymphocytes during the early stages of T and B cell maturation. It results in the highly diverse repertoire of antibodies/immunoglobulins and T cell receptors (TCRs) found in B cells and T cells, respectively.

  7. Central tolerance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_tolerance

    Steps of T cell tolerance [2] [13] Development of T cell progenitors [14] [15] [16] T cell precursors originate from bone marrow (BM). Population of the earliest hematopoietic progenitors do not bear markers of differentiated cells (for that they are called Lin- „lineage negative“) but express molecules such as SCA1 (stem cell antigen) and ...

  8. Medullary thymic epithelial cells - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medullary_thymic...

    T cell precursors rise in bone marrow and migrate through the bloodstream to the thymus for further development. During their maturation in the thymus, they undergo a process called V(D)J recombination which conducts the development of T cell receptors (TCRs). The mechanism of this stochastic process enables on one hand the generation of vast ...

  9. Recombination-activating gene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recombination-activating_gene

    The RAG proteins initiate V(D)J recombination, which is essential for the maturation of pre-B and pre-T cells. Activated mature B cells also possess two other remarkable, RAG-independent phenomena of manipulating their own DNA: so-called class-switch recombination (AKA isotype switching) and somatic hypermutation (AKA affinity maturation). [2]