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Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a rare syndrome of the heart that manifests in patients recovering from heart surgery. [1] It is characterized by cardiac arrhythmia , or irregular beating of the heart, caused by abnormal conduction from or through the atrioventricular node (AV node).
Automatic junctional tachycardia is a type of tachyarrhythmia that originates in the atrioventricular node and His bundle area. It can be referred to as junctional tachycardia, focal junctional tachycardia, or Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia (JET). [10] Patients' heart rates are frequently between 200 and 250 beats per minute.
It is a tachycardia associated with the generation of impulses in a focus in the region of the atrioventricular node due to an A-V disassociation. [2] In general, the AV junction's intrinsic rate is 40-60 bpm so an accelerated junctional rhythm is from 60-100bpm and then becomes junctional tachycardia at a rate of >100 bpm.
Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a rare tachycardia caused by increased automaticity of the AV node itself initiating frequent heartbeats. On the ECG, junctional tachycardia often presents with abnormal morphology P-waves that may fall anywhere in relation to a regular, narrow QRS complex. It is often due to drug toxicity. [22]
The first finding is that junctional rhythms are regular rhythms. This means that the time interval between beats stays constant. The next normal finding is a normal QRS. Since the impulse still travels down the bundle of His, the QRS will not be wide. Junctional rhythms can present with either bradycardia, a normal heart rate, or tachycardia. [9]
Multifocal atrial tachycardia; Cardiac Tamponade; Junctional tachycardia (rare in adults) Wide complex Ventricular tachycardia, any tachycardia that originates in the ventricles; Any narrow complex tachycardia combined with a problem with the conduction system of the heart, often termed "supraventricular tachycardia with aberrancy"
Permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia (PJRT) is a rare cardiac arrhythmia. It is a supraventricular tachycardia , and a cause of atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) . PJRT can cause chronic tachycardia that, untreated, leads to cardiomyopathy .
An ectopic pacemaker situated near the AV node and the septum is known as a junctional pacemaker. [11] The pacemaker that is operating in the ventricles is known as the ventricular. [12] Other such ectopic pacemakers can even lie within the pulmonary vein and thoracic vein walls. [13] [14]
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