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This produces a homogeneous charge: a homogeneous mixture of air and fuel, which is ignited by a spark plug at a predetermined moment near the top of the compression stroke. In a homogeneous charge system, the air/fuel ratio is kept very close to stoichiometric , meaning it contains the exact amount of air necessary for complete combustion of ...
Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is a form of internal combustion in which well-mixed fuel and oxidizer (typically air) are compressed to the point of auto-ignition. As in other forms of combustion , this exothermic reaction produces heat that can be transformed into work in a heat engine .
The newer Honda stratified charge (lean-burn engines) operate on air–fuel ratios as high as 22:1. The amount of fuel drawn into the engine is much lower than a typical gasoline engine, which operates at 14.7:1—the chemical stoichiometric ideal for complete combustion when averaging gasoline to the petrochemical industries' accepted standard ...
In theory, a stratified charge mode can further improve fuel efficiency and reduce exhaust emissions, [16] however, in practice, the stratified charge concept has not proved to have significant efficiency advantages over a conventional homogeneous charge concept, but due to its inherent lean burn, more nitrogen oxides are formed, [17] which ...
In this charge mode, the air-fuel mixture is concentrated around the spark plug by means of the specifically produced air flow and a special geometry of the piston, while pure air is placed near the cylinder walls. Tumble flaps are used to realize this stratified charge. The flaps remain closed during the stratified charge mode.
We break down how much it costs to charge an electric vehicle at home and at public charging stations. Plus, whether installing a level 2 charger is worth it.
In the homogeneous model of two-phase flow, the slip ratio is by definition assumed to be unity (no slip). It is however experimentally observed that the velocity of the gas and liquid phases can be significantly different, depending on the flow pattern (e.g. plug flow, annular flow, bubble flow, stratified flow, slug flow, churn flow). The ...
General Motors has used KIVA in the development of direct-injection, stratified charge gasoline engines as well as the fast burn, homogeneous-charge gasoline engine. [1] Cummins reduced development time and cost by 10%–15% using KIVA to develop its high-efficiency 2007 ISB 6.7-L diesel engine that was able to meet 2010 emission standards in 2007.