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[5] [6] The Tolkappiyam is the oldest surviving Tamil grammar text that divides the year into six seasons where Chihthirrai i.e. mid-April marks the start of the Ilavenil season or Summer. [7] The 5th century Silappadhigaaram mentions the 12 rāsigal or zodiac signs that correspond to the Tamil months starting with Mesha/Chittirai in mid-April. [8]
Seasons are different times of the year and there are 12 months in the year. Every month has its own special season. The word is derived from the Vedic Sanskrit word Ṛtú , a fixed or appointed time, especially the proper time for sacrifice ( yajna ) or ritual in Vedic religion ; this in turn comes from the word Ṛta (ऋत), as used in ...
'new year'), also known as Tamil New Year, is the first day of year on the Tamil calendar that is traditionally celebrated as a festival by Tamils. The festival date is set with the solar cycle of the solar Hindu calendar, as the first day of the month of Chittirai. It falls on or about 14 April every year on the Gregorian calendar. [1]
The solar months are named differently in different regional calendars. While the Malayalam calendar broadly retains the phonetic Sanskrit names, the Bengali and Tamil calendars repurpose the Sanskrit lunar month names (Chaitra, Vaishaka etc.) as follows: The Tamil calendar replaces Mesha, Vrisha etc. with Chithirai, Vaigasi etc.
Meaning January: Ndira: The time we harvest hohwa hwe ndira (Ndira type of mushrooms) February: Kukadzi: Female March: Kurume: Male April: Kubvumbi: Month of showers May: Chivabvu: Last green maize June: Chikumi: Halfway through (chikumi) of the 12 months (zigumi) in the context of the 12 months of the year. July: Chikunguru: Chikungurutsa janga.
In Tamil Nadu, it is known as Vaikasi (mid-May to mid-June) and represents the second month of the Tamil solar calendar. The Tamil month that corresponds to Vaisakha is Chithirai (mid-April to mid-May). In the Hindu lunar calendar, Vaisakha begins with the new moon in April and represents the second month of the lunar year.
In lunar religious calendars, Jyēṣṭha begins on the new moon and is the third month of the year. [1] Traditionally, Jyēṣṭha is associated with high summer, and corresponds to May–June [2] in the Gregorian calendar. In Tamil, the month is known as Āni, the third month of the solar calendar that begins in mid-June.
The Vikram Samvat uses lunar months and solar sidereal years. Because 12 months do not match a sidereal year, correctional months (adhika māsa) are added or (occasionally) subtracted (kshaya masa). A lunar year consists of 12 months, and each month has two fortnights, with a variable duration