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Credé procedure is the practice of washing a newborn's eyes with a 2% silver nitrate solution to protect against neonatal conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. [1] The Credé procedure was developed by the German physician Carl Siegmund Franz Credé who implemented it in his hospital in Leipzig in 1880. [2]
Thus, prophylaxis with a 1% silver nitrate solution is no longer in common use. [6] In most countries, neomycin and chloramphenicol eye drops are used, instead. [7] [8] However, newborns can develop neonatal conjunctivitis due to reactions with chemicals in these common eye drops. [9]
He used a 2% silver nitrate solution, and first demonstrated its effectiveness in the early 1880s. During a three-year period, Credé treated 1160 newborns with silver nitrate, with only 0.15% of the infants developing ophthalmia. [1] The silver nitrate solution is sometimes referred to as "Credé's prophylaxis" in medical literature. Later ...
Silver compounds have been used in external preparations as antiseptics, including both silver nitrate and silver proteinate, which can be used in dilute solution as eyedrops to prevent conjunctivitis in newborn babies. Silver nitrate is also sometimes used in dermatology in solid stick form as a caustic ("lunar caustic") to treat certain skin ...
A typical reaction with silver nitrate is to suspend a rod of copper in a solution of silver nitrate and leave it for a few hours. The silver nitrate reacts with copper to form hairlike crystals of silver metal and a blue solution of copper nitrate: 2 AgNO 3 + Cu → Cu(NO 3) 2 + 2 Ag. Silver nitrate decomposes when heated:
The absence of nerve endings within the granuloma make this a painless treatment for the newborn. [19] While painless, contact of silver nitrate to the adjacent, healthy, normal tissue may result in burns. [19] Silver nitrate application to the infected site should not exceed three applications with an interval of 3–4 days.
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Apt and a colleague, Sherwin Isenberg, examined the practice of instilling silver nitrate or antibiotics in the eye before an eye surgery. They found that such techniques increased the risk of infection. Apt proposed the use of povidone-iodine to treat or prevent eye infections. A 1990s study in Kenya established the solution as effective.
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