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As of 14 August 2021, the Debian project keeps a central repository of over 50,000 software packages ready for download and installation. [15] Any number of additional repositories can be added to APT's sources.list configuration file (/etc/apt/sources.list) and then be queried by APT.
Debian family tree. Debian (a portmanteau of the names "Deb" and "Ian") Linux is a distribution that emphasizes free software. It supports many hardware platforms. Debian and distributions based on it use the .deb package format [2] and the dpkg package manager and its frontends (such as apt or synaptic). [3]
Debian Unstable, known as "Sid", contains all the latest packages as soon as they are available, and follows a rolling-release model. [6]Once a package has been in Debian Unstable for 2–10 days (depending on the urgency of the upload), doesn't introduce critical bugs and doesn't break other packages (among other conditions), it is included in Debian Testing, also known as "next-stable".
dpkg: Originally used by Debian and now by Ubuntu. Uses the .deb format and was the first to have a widely known dependency resolution tool, APT. The ncurses-based front-end for APT, aptitude, is also a popular package manager for Debian-based systems; Entropy: Used by and created for Sabayon Linux.
Generally end users don't manage packages directly with dpkg but instead use the APT package management software or other APT front-ends such as aptitude and synaptic . [3] Debian packages can be converted into other package formats and vice versa using alien, and created from source code using checkinstall or the Debian Package Maker. [4]
aptitude is a front end to APT, the Debian package manager. [4] It displays a list of software packages and allows the user to interactively pick packages to install or remove. It has a search system utilizing flexible search patterns. It was initially created for Debian, but has appeared in RPM-based distributions as well.
Devuan has its own package repository which mirrors upstream Debian, [16] with local modifications made only when needed to allow for init systems other than systemd. Devuan does not provide systemd in its repositories but still retains libsystemd0 until it has removed all dependencies.
dpkg (Debian Package) itself is a low-level tool. APT (Advanced Package Tool), a higher-level tool, is more commonly used than dpkg as it can fetch packages from remote locations and deal with complex package relations, such as dependency resolution. Frontends for APT, like aptitude and synaptic , are used for their friendlier interfaces.