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18. “You will never do anything in this world without courage. It is the greatest quality of the mind next to honor.” 19. “The worst form of inequality is to try to make unequal things equal ...
Aristotle analyzed the golden mean in the Nicomachean Ethics Book II: That virtues of character can be described as means. It was subsequently emphasized in Aristotelian virtue ethics. [1] For example, in the Aristotelian view, courage is a virtue, but if taken to excess would manifest as recklessness, and, in deficiency, cowardice. The middle ...
Aristotle notes that the term courage is sometimes misapplied to five other types of character: [1]: III.8 (1116a–1117a) Hektor, the Trojan hero. Aristotle questions his courage. Citizen-soldiers who display a quasi-courage that is motivated by penalties for disobedience, by hope of honors, or by fear of shame when caught acting cowardly. [49]
Philo of Alexandria, a Hellenistic Jewish philosopher, also recognized the four cardinal virtues as prudence, temperance, courage, and justice. In his writings, he states: In these words Moses intends to sketch out the particular virtues. And they also are four in number, prudence, temperance, courage, and justice.
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Aristotle's son was the next leader of Aristotle's school, the Lyceum, and in ancient times he was already associated with this work. [ 5 ] A fourth treatise, Aristotle's Politics , is often regarded as the sequel to the Ethics, in part because Aristotle closes the Nicomachean Ethics by saying that his ethical inquiry has laid the groundwork ...
Much like other philosophers at that time, Epictetus’ quotes about life, philosophy and more are plentiful due to historical documentations and his association with Marcus Aurelius.
Aristotle conceived of politics as being like an organism rather than like a machine, and as a collection of parts none of which can exist without the others. Aristotle's conception of the city is organic, and he is considered one of the first to conceive of the city in this manner. [144] Aristotle's classifications of political constitutions.