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Well logging, also known as borehole logging is the practice of making a detailed record (a well log) of the geologic formations penetrated by a borehole.The log may be based either on visual inspection of samples brought to the surface (geological logs) or on physical measurements made by instruments lowered into the hole (geophysical logs).
A caliper log is a well logging tool that provides a continuous measurement of the size and shape of a borehole along its depth [1] and is commonly used in hydrocarbon exploration. The measurements that are recorded can be an important indicator of wash-outs, cave ins or shale swelling in the borehole, which can affect the results of other well ...
A drilling rig is used to create a borehole or well (also called a wellbore) in the earth's sub-surface, for example in order to extract natural resources such as gas or oil. During such drilling, data is acquired from the drilling rig sensors for a range of purposes such as: decision-support to monitor and manage the smooth operation of ...
The written strip chart recording of these examinations is called a sample log or mudlog. Well cuttings examination is a learned skill. During drilling, chips of rock, usually less than about 1 ⁄ 8 inch (3.2 mm) across, are cut from the bottom of the hole by the bit. Mud, jetting out of holes in the bit under high pressure, washes the ...
SPUD – spud date (started drilling well) SPWLA – Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts [29] SQL – seismic quicklook log; SQZ – squeeze job; SR – shear rate; SRD – seismic reference datum, an imaginary horizontal surface at which TWT [clarification needed] is assumed to be zero [citation needed] SREC – seismic record log
Resistivity logging is used in mineral exploration (for example for exploration for iron and copper ore bodies), geological exploration (deep geological disposal, geothermal wells), and water-well drilling. It is an indispensable tool for formation evaluation in oil- and gas-well drilling.
Spontaneous potential log, commonly called the self potential log or SP log, is a passive measurement taken by oil industry well loggers to characterise rock formation properties. The log works by measuring small electric potentials (measured in millivolts) between depths with in the borehole and a grounded electrode at the surface.
Density logging is a well logging tool that can provide a continuous record of a formation's bulk density along the length of a borehole.In geology, bulk density is a function of the density of the minerals forming a rock (i.e. matrix) and the fluid enclosed in the pore spaces.