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[1] The Dura-Europos church in Syria is the oldest surviving church building in the world, [2] while the archaeological remains of both the Aqaba Church and the Megiddo church have been considered to be the world's oldest known purpose-built church, erected in the Roman Empire's administrative Diocese of the East in the 3rd century.
Church plan. Above right is the baptistery.. The Christian chapel at Dura-Europos was a domus ecclesiae that occupied an old, private dwelling in the ancient city's M8 block, along the western rampart of the city, opposite Gate 17, a short distance south of the main door.
The church covers an area of some 3,300 m 2 (36,000 sq ft). The foundations were set on an artificial mound, thought to be the most solid ground of the settlement in this marshy province. The ceiling of the Oude Kerk is the largest medieval wooden vault in Europe. The Estonian oak planks date to 1390 and boast some of the best acoustics in Europe.
Josef Strzygowski, who was the first European to thoroughly study Armenian architecture [185] and place Armenia in the center of European architecture, [186] suggested that several churches and chapels in Western Europe have been influenced by the cathedrals of Etchmiadzin and Bagaran due to similarities found within their plans.
The Church of St Martin is an ancient Church of England parish church in Canterbury, England, situated slightly beyond the city centre.It is recognised as the oldest church building in Britain still in use as a church, [2] and the oldest existing parish church in the English-speaking world, although Roman and Celtic churches had existed for centuries.
A stave church is a medieval wooden Christian church building once common in north-western Europe. The name derives from the building's structure of post and lintel construction, a type of timber framing where the load-bearing ore-pine posts are called stafr in Old Norse ( stav in modern Norwegian ).
Armenia was the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its state religion in AD 301. The oldest state-built church in the world, Etchmiadzin Cathedral, was built between AD 301–303. It is the seat of the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Roman Empire officially adopted Christianity in AD 380.
This is a list of gothic cathedrals in Europe that are active Christian cathedrals (the seats of bishops), but also includes former cathedrals and churches built in the style of cathedrals, that are significant for their Gothic style of architecture. [1] [2] As such, some of the buildings listed here are parish churches or have other uses.