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  2. Computer number format - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_number_format

    While a single bit, on its own, is able to represent only two values, a string of bits may be used to represent larger values. For example, a string of three bits can represent up to eight distinct values as illustrated in Table 1. As the number of bits composing a string increases, the number of possible 0 and 1 combinations increases ...

  3. Bit numbering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_numbering

    This table illustrates an example of an 8 bit signed decimal value using the two's complement method. The MSb most significant bit has a negative weight in signed integers, in this case -2 7 = -128. The other bits have positive weights. The lsb (least significant bit) has weight 2 0 =1. The signed value is in this case -128+2 = -126.

  4. Binary integer decimal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_Integer_Decimal

    Both formats break a number down into a sign bit s, an exponent q (between q min and q max), and a p-digit significand c (between 0 and 10 p −1). The value encoded is (−1) s ×10 q ×c. In both formats the range of possible values is identical, but they differ in how the significand c is represented.

  5. Single-precision floating-point format - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-precision_floating...

    Thus only 23 fraction bits of the significand appear in the memory format, but the total precision is 24 bits (equivalent to log 10 (2 24) ≈ 7.225 decimal digits). The bits are laid out as follows: The real value assumed by a given 32-bit binary32 data with a given sign, biased exponent e (the 8-bit unsigned integer), and a 23-bit fraction is

  6. Binary-coded decimal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary-coded_decimal

    If a decimal digit requires four bits, then three decimal digits require 12 bits. However, since 2 10 (1,024) is greater than 10 3 (1,000), if three decimal digits are encoded together, only 10 bits are needed. Two such encodings are Chen–Ho encoding and densely packed decimal (DPD). The latter has the advantage that subsets of the encoding ...

  7. Binary code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_code

    Binary-coded decimal (BCD) is a binary encoded representation of integer values that uses a 4-bit nibble to encode decimal digits. Four binary bits can encode up to 16 distinct values; but, in BCD-encoded numbers, only ten values in each nibble are legal, and encode the decimal digits zero, through nine. The remaining six values are illegal and ...

  8. Bitwise operation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation

    0101 (decimal 5) OR 0011 (decimal 3) = 0111 (decimal 7) The bitwise OR may be used to set to 1 the selected bits of the register described above. For example, the fourth bit of 0010 (decimal 2) may be set by performing a bitwise OR with the pattern with only the fourth bit set: 0010 (decimal 2) OR 1000 (decimal 8) = 1010 (decimal 10)

  9. decimal64 floating-point format - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decimal64_floating-point...

    The 8 decimal values whose digits are all 8s or 9s have four codings each. The bits marked x in the table above are ignored on input, but will always be 0 in computed results. (The 8 × 3 = 24 non-standard encodings fill the unused range from 10 3 = 1000 to 2 10 - 1 = 1023.)