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Korsakoff syndrome (KS) [1] is a disorder of the central nervous system characterized by amnesia, deficits in explicit memory, and confabulation. This neurological disorder is caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B 1 ) in the brain, and it is typically associated with and exacerbated by the prolonged, excessive ingestion of alcohol . [ 2 ]
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) is the combined presence of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) and alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome (AKS [clarification needed]). Due to the close relationship between these two disorders, people with either are usually diagnosed with WKS as a single syndrome. It mainly causes vision changes, ataxia and impaired memory. [2]
When it occurs simultaneously with alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome it is known as Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome. [3] [4] Classically, Wernicke encephalopathy is characterised by a triad of symptoms: ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and confusion. Around 10% of patients exhibit all three features, and other symptoms may also be present. [5]
Korsakoff's syndrome and Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome are particular forms of alcohol related brain injury which may be related to alcohol related dementia. [18] Many experts use the terms alcohol (or alcoholic) dementia to describe a specific form of ARD, characterized by impaired executive function (planning, thinking, and judgment). [5]
Treatment is often similar to those administered for Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome or for alcohol use disorder. [9] Type A has 21% mortality rate and an 81% long-term disability rate. Type B has a 0% mortality rate and a 19% long-term disability rate. [8]
This category encompasses all disorders of the nervous system. The major meta-categories is Category:Neurological disorders by disease category.A disorder can be categorized in both systems simultaneously (for example, glioma under "Nervous system neoplasia" AND "Brain disorders").
This is a list of mental disorders as defined in the DSM-IV, the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.Published by the American Psychiatry Association (APA), it was released in May 1994, [1] superseding the DSM-III-R (1987).
Korsakoff's syndrome is unique because it involves both anterograde and retrograde amnesia. [45] Drug-induced amnesia is intentionally caused by injection of an amnestic drug to help a patient forget surgery or medical procedures, particularly those not performed under full anesthesia, or likely to be particularly traumatic. Such drugs are also ...