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  2. Magnetic separation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_separation

    The new forms of magnetic separation included magnetic pulleys, overhead magnets and magnetic drums. In mines where wolframite was mixed with cassiterite , such as South Crofty and East Pool mine in Cornwall or with bismuth such as at the Shepherd and Murphy mine in Moina, Tasmania , magnetic separation is used to separate the ores.

  3. Arsenic cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenic_cycle

    The arsenic (As) cycle is the biogeochemical cycle of natural and anthropogenic exchanges of arsenic terms through the atmosphere, lithosphere, pedosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Although arsenic is naturally abundant in the Earth's crust, long-term exposure and high concentrations of arsenic can be detrimental to human health. [1] [2]

  4. Abundance of elements in Earth's crust - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abundance_of_elements_in...

    World Book Encyclopedia, Exploring Earth. HyperPhysics, Georgia State University, Abundance of Elements in Earth's Crust. Eric Scerri, The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance, Oxford University Press, 2007 "EarthRef.org Digital Archive (ERDA) -- Major Element Composition of the Core vs the Bulk Earth". earthref.org

  5. Arsenic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenic

    Arsenic is the 53rd most abundant element in the Earth's crust, comprising about 1.5 parts per million (0.00015%). [48] Typical background concentrations of arsenic do not exceed 3 ng/m 3 in the atmosphere; 100 mg/kg in soil; 400 μg/kg in vegetation; 10 μg/L in freshwater and 1.5 μg/L in seawater. [49]

  6. Periodic Videos - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_Videos

    The 118 element videos and introduction videos were all shot unscripted in June and July 2008. [5] Since the initial videos were completed in 2008 the team has been refining and uploading revised versions of the videos with new video and in higher resolutions. [5] A key example of this revising is with the xenon video that was redone in honour ...

  7. Mineral processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_processing

    The force experienced in the magnetic field is given by the equation f=m/k.H.dh/dx. with k=magnetic susceptibility, H-magnetic field strength, and dh/dx being the magnetic field gradient. As seen in this equation, the separation can be driven in two ways, either through a gradient in a magnetic field or the strength of a magnetic field.

  8. Gadolinium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadolinium

    It is a malleable and ductile rare-earth element. Gadolinium reacts with atmospheric oxygen or moisture slowly to form a black coating. Gadolinium below its Curie point of 20 °C (68 °F) is ferromagnetic, with an attraction to a magnetic field higher than that of nickel. Above this temperature it is the most paramagnetic element. It is found ...

  9. Rare-earth element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rare-earth_element

    The rare-earth elements (REE), also called the rare-earth metals or rare earths, and sometimes the lanthanides or lanthanoids (although scandium and yttrium, which do not belong to this series, are usually included as rare earths), [1] are a set of 17 nearly indistinguishable lustrous silvery-white soft heavy metals. Compounds containing rare ...