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  2. Glycated hemoglobin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycated_hemoglobin

    There are several ways to measure glycated hemoglobin, of which HbA1c (or simply A1c) is a standard single test. [5] HbA1c is measured primarily to determine the three-month average blood sugar level and is used as a standard diagnostic test for evaluating the risk of complications of diabetes and as an assessment of glycemic control .

  3. Samuel Rahbar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Rahbar

    Samuel Rahbar (Persian: سموئیلِ رهبر Samu'il-e Rahbar May 12, 1929 - November 10, 2012) was an Iranian scientist who discovered [1] the linkage between diabetes and HbA1C, a form of hemoglobin used primarily to identify plasma glucose concentration over time. Rahbar was born into a Jewish family in the Iranian city of Hamedan in 1929.

  4. History of diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_diabetes

    The radioimmunoassay for insulin, as discovered by Rosalyn Yalow and Solomon Berson (gaining Yalow the 1977 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine) [148] The three-dimensional structure of insulin (Dr Gerald Reaven's identification of the constellation of symptoms now called metabolic syndrome in 1988

  5. Diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 15 January 2025. Group of endocrine diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels This article is about the common insulin disorder. For the urine hyper-production disorder, see Diabetes insipidus. For other uses, see Diabetes (disambiguation). Medical condition Diabetes Universal blue circle symbol ...

  6. Type 1 diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_1_diabetes

    Additionally, Petschnig and colleagues looked at the effect of strength training on blood sugar levels and they found that children with type 1 diabetes who performed strength training exercises for 17 weeks did not experience any change in HbA1c levels, but after 32 weeks of training experienced a significant decrease in HbA1c levels. [132]

  7. Type 2 diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes

    In the developed world, and increasingly elsewhere, type 2 diabetes is the largest cause of nontraumatic blindness and kidney failure. [27] It has also been associated with an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction and dementia through disease processes such as Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia . [ 28 ]

  8. Timeline of scientific discoveries - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_scientific...

    1380: Madhava of Sangamagrama discovers the most precise estimate of π in the medieval world through his infinite series, a strict inequality with uncertainty 3e-13. 15th century: Parameshvara discovers a formula for the circumradius of a quadrilateral. [114] 1480: Madhava of Sangamagrama found pi and that it was infinite.

  9. Beta cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_cell

    Many researchers around the world are investigating the pathogenesis of diabetes and beta-cell failure. Tools used to study beta-cell function are expanding rapidly with technology. For instance, transcriptomics have allowed researchers to comprehensively analyze gene transcription in beta-cells to look for genes linked to diabetes. [ 2 ]