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  2. Mind–body dualism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind–body_dualism

    Cartesian dualism, most famously defended by René Descartes, argues that there are two kinds of substances: mental and physical. [8] [16] Descartes states that the mental can exist outside of the body, and the body cannot think. Substance dualism is important historically for having given rise to much thought regarding the famous mind–body ...

  3. Cartesianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesianism

    In the Netherlands, where Descartes had lived for a long time, Cartesianism was a doctrine popular mainly among university professors and lecturers.In Germany the influence of this doctrine was not relevant and followers of Cartesianism in the German-speaking border regions between these countries (e.g., the iatromathematician Yvo Gaukes from East Frisia) frequently chose to publish their ...

  4. Mind–body problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind–body_problem

    Illustration of mind–body dualism by René Descartes.Inputs are passed by the sensory organs to the pineal gland, and from there to the immaterial spirit.. The mind–body problem is a philosophical problem concerning the relationship between thought and consciousness in the human mind and body.

  5. Subject and object (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject_and_object...

    Cartesian dualism [ edit ] The formal separation between subject and object in the Western world corresponds to the dualistic framework , in the early modern philosophy of René Descartes , between thought and extension (in common language, mind and matter ).

  6. René Descartes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/René_Descartes

    Descartes's dualism provided the philosophical rationale for the latter by expelling the final cause from the physical universe (or res extensa) in favor of the mind (or res cogitans). Therefore, while Cartesian dualism paved the way for modern physics, it also held the door open for religious beliefs about the immortality of the soul. [105]

  7. Cartesian Self - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesian_Self

    In philosophy, the Cartesian Self, or Cartesian subject, a concept developed by the philosopher René Descartes within his system of mind–body dualism, is the term provided [citation needed] for a separation between mind and body as posited by Descartes.

  8. Ghost in the machine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_in_the_machine

    The "ghost in the machine" is a term originally used to describe and critique the concept of the mind existing alongside and separate from the body.In more recent times, the term has several uses, including the concept that the intellectual part of the human mind is influenced by emotions; and within fiction, for an emergent consciousness residing in a computer.

  9. Passions of the Soul - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passions_of_the_Soul

    The problem of the Passions treatise is also the problem of Cartesian dualism. In the first part of his work, Descartes ponders the relationship between the thinking substance and the body. For Descartes, the only link between these two substances is the pineal gland (art. 31), the place where the soul is attached to the body.