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Political equality is only achieved when the norms, rules and procedures that govern the community afford equal consideration to all. [4] Robert Dahl believes that the ideal of democracy assumes that political equality is desirable. [ 5 ]
Demoicracy (also demoi-cracy; / d ɪ ˈ m ɔɪ k r ə s i / di-MOY-krə-see) is a polity of multiple distinct people (demoi), polity of polities.The term is derived from demoi (δῆμοι in original Ancient Greek, plural form of δῆμος or demos), meaning "peoples" and kratos (κράτος) meaning "power" (to govern oneself).
[5] [6] Voter enfranchisement and political participation are two key democratic ideals that ensure the engagement of citizens in the political sphere. Who has the right to suffrage has changed over the centuries and universal suffrage is necessary for a nation to be considered a democracy and not a dictatorship. [7]
Demokratia (Greek: δημοκρατία dēmokratía) is a direct democracy, as opposed to the modern representative democracy. [citation needed]It was used in ancient Greece, most notably Athens, and began its use around 500 BCE.
Egalitarianism (from French égal 'equal'), or equalitarianism, [1] [2] is a school of thought within political philosophy that builds on the concept of social equality, prioritizing it for all people. [3] Egalitarian doctrines are generally characterized by the idea that all humans are equal in fundamental worth or moral status. [4]
Robert Alan Dahl (/ d ɑː l /; December 17, 1915 – February 5, 2014) was an American political theorist and Sterling Professor of Political Science at Yale University.. He established the pluralist theory of democracy—in which political outcomes are enacted through competitive, if unequal, interest groups—and introduced "polyarchy" as a descriptor of actual democratic governance.
Mogens Herman Hansen has argued that, although often translated as "equality of law," isonomia was in fact something else. [2] Along with isonomia, the Athenians used several terms for equality [2] all compounds beginning with iso-: isegoria [6] (equal right to address the political assemblies), isopsephos polis [7] (one man one vote) and isokratia [8] (equality of power).
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. They ensure one's entitlement to participate in the civil and political life of society and the state .