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Linear programming (LP), also called linear optimization, is a method to achieve the best outcome (such as maximum profit or lowest cost) in a mathematical model whose requirements and objective are represented by linear relationships. Linear programming is a special case of mathematical programming (also known as mathematical optimization).
Integer programming. An integer programming problem is a mathematical optimization or feasibility program in which some or all of the variables are restricted to be integers. In many settings the term refers to integer linear programming (ILP), in which the objective function and the constraints (other than the integer constraints) are linear.
Simplex algorithm. In mathematical optimization, Dantzig 's simplex algorithm (or simplex method) is a popular algorithm for linear programming. [1] The name of the algorithm is derived from the concept of a simplex and was suggested by T. S. Motzkin. [2] Simplices are not actually used in the method, but one interpretation of it is that it ...
Linear complementarity problem. In mathematical optimization theory, the linear complementarity problem (LCP) arises frequently in computational mechanics and encompasses the well-known quadratic programming as a special case. It was proposed by Cottle and Dantzig in 1968. [1][2][3]
Definition. LP-type problems were defined by Sharir & Welzl (1992) as problems in which one is given as input a finite set S of elements, and a function f that maps subsets of S to values from a totally ordered set. The function is required to satisfy two key properties: Monotonicity: for every two sets A ⊆ B ⊆ S, f (A) ≤ f (B) ≤ f (S).
Transportation theory (mathematics) In mathematics and economics, transportation theory or transport theory is a name given to the study of optimal transportation and allocation of resources. The problem was formalized by the French mathematician Gaspard Monge in 1781. [1]
Formally, a linear-fractional program is defined as the problem of maximizing (or minimizing) a ratio of affine functions over a polyhedron, where represents the vector of variables to be determined, and are vectors of (known) coefficients, is a (known) matrix of coefficients and are constants. The constraints have to restrict the feasible ...
Multi-objective linear programming. Multi-objective linear programming is a subarea of mathematical optimization. A multiple objective linear program (MOLP) is a linear program with more than one objective function. An MOLP is a special case of a vector linear program. Multi-objective linear programming is also a subarea of Multi-objective ...