Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
An mRNA vaccine is a type of vaccine that uses a copy of a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce an immune response. [1] The vaccine delivers molecules of antigen-encoding mRNA into cells, which use the designed mRNA as a blueprint to build foreign protein that would normally be produced by a pathogen (such as a virus) or by a cancer ...
A nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (modRNA) is a synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) in which some nucleosides are replaced by other naturally modified nucleosides or by synthetic nucleoside analogues. [ 1 ] modRNA is used to induce the production of a desired protein in certain cells. An important application is the development of mRNA vaccines ...
A viral vector vaccine is a vaccine that uses a viral vector to deliver genetic material (DNA) that can be transcribed by the recipient's host cells as mRNA coding for a desired protein, or antigen, to elicit an immune response. [ 1 ] As of April 2021 [update], six viral vector vaccines, four COVID-19 vaccines and two Ebola vaccines, have been ...
The Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, sold under the brand name Comirnaty, [2][33] is an mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine developed by the German biotechnology company BioNTech. For its development, BioNTech collaborated with the American company Pfizer to carry out clinical trials, logistics, and manufacturing. [45][46] It is authorized for use ...
A lipid nanoparticle is typically spherical with an average diameter between 10 and 1000 nanometers. Solid lipid nanoparticles possess a solid lipid core matrix that can solubilize lipophilic molecules. The lipid core is stabilized by surfactants (emulsifiers). The emulsifier used depends on administration routes and is more limited for ...
Several DNA vaccines have been tested for veterinary use. [3] In some cases, protection from disease in animals has been obtained, in others not. [3] Research is ongoing over the approach for viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases in humans, as well as for cancers. [4] In August 2021, Indian authorities gave emergency approval to ZyCoV-D.
How vectors work to transfer genetic material. Gene therapy utilizes the delivery of DNA into cells, which can be accomplished by several methods, summarized below. The two major classes of methods are those that use recombinant viruses (sometimes called biological nanoparticles or viral vectors) and those that use naked DNA or DNA complexes (non-viral methods).
A subunit vaccine is a vaccine that contains purified parts of the pathogen that are antigenic, or necessary to elicit a protective immune response. [1] [2] Subunit vaccine can be made from dissembled viral particles in cell culture or recombinant DNA expression, [3] in which case it is a recombinant subunit vaccine.