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In Australia, T. vulpis was the most common nematode in adult dogs, with a prevalence of 41%. [11] In red foxes, the frequency of infestation is 0.5%. [17] [18] The disease-causing effect of T. vulpis is moderate. Infected dogs show diarrhea that is bloody, in less severe cases interspersed with mucus.
About 90% of nematodes reside in the top 15 cm (6") of soil. Nematodes do not decompose organic matter, but, instead, are parasitic and free-living organisms that feed on living material. Nematodes can effectively regulate bacterial population and community composition—they may eat up to 5,000 bacteria per minute.
If entomopathogenic nematodes suppress the population of insect root herbivores, they indirectly benefit plants by freeing them from grazing pressure. This is an example of a trophic cascade in which consumers at the top of the food web (nematodes) exert an influence on the abundance of resources (plants) at the bottom.
Species that infect herbivorous hosts climb onto vegetation via films of moisture. Some species such as those infecting rodents can use either the oral or percutaneous route. There are unusual features in the development and transmission of some Trichostrongyloidea species.
A nematode infection is a type of helminthiasis caused by organisms in the nematode phylum. [1] An example is enterobiasis. Several antinematodal agents are available.
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora is a species of entomopathogenic nematode known commonly as beneficial nematodes. They are microscopic and are used in gardening as a form of biological pest control . They are used to control ants , fleas , moths , beetles , flies , weevils , and other pests.
Trichostrongylus species are nematodes (round worms), which are ubiquitous among herbivores worldwide, including cattle, sheep, donkeys, goats, deer, and rabbits. [1] [2] [3] At least 10 Trichostrongylus species have been associated with human infections. [1] Infections occur via ingestion of infective larvae from contaminated vegetables or water.
G. batrachiensis is a nematode that is a parasite of the gastrointestinal tract of herbivorous anuran species, specifically in posterior end of the small intestine and in the large intestine of the tadpole stage. [4] It is not seen in late-stage, metamorphosing tadpoles or in adult, carnivorous frogs.