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Open textbooks are flexible in ways that traditional textbooks are not, [66] which gives instructors more freedom to use them in the way that best meets their instructional needs. [67] [68] One common frustration with traditional textbooks is the frequency of new editions, which force the instructor to modify the curriculum to the new book.
The National Curriculum for England is the statutory standard of school subjects, lesson content, and attainment levels for primary and secondary schools in England. It is compulsory for local authority -maintained schools, but also often followed by independent schools and state-funded academies .
CGP's books often incorporate a witty and humorous tone, occasionally informal and colloquial, making them clear and easy to understand. [2] [4] They also make reference to examination questions from the UK National Curriculum. [5] For digital resources, online editions of their books can be read on their website, accessed using product codes. [6]
Key Stages in England are often abbreviated as KS (ex. KS1). Each key stage consists of a certain range of school years so there is no key stage for higher education. In Wales, the new curriculum replaces key stages with "progression steps" at ages 5, 8, 11, 14 and 16, "relating to broad expectations of a child’s progress". [1]
The assessments were introduced following the introduction of a National Curriculum to schools in England and Wales under the Education Reform Act 1988.As the curriculum was gradually rolled out from 1989, statutory assessments were introduced between 1991 and 1995, with those in Key Stage 1 first, following by Key Stages 2 and 3 respectively as each cohort completed a full key stage. [2]
Key Stage 1 is the legal term for the two years of schooling in maintained schools in England normally known as Year 1 and Year 2, when pupils are aged between 5 and 7. This Key Stage normally covers pupils during infant school , although in some cases this might form part of a first or primary school .
Notable national curricula are: Australian Curriculum is a planned curriculum for schools in all states and territories of Australia, from Kindergarten to Year 12. Its first stages were planned to start in 2013. [1] National Curriculum and Textbook Board for Bangladesh. National Curriculum Framework (NCF 2005) for India; in the United Kingdom:
A new curriculum, the Foundation Phase, was introduced in Wales for children of three to seven years from 2008 onwards. [130] The curriculum was intended to have more emphasis on play and give children greater control over their lessons. [131] In 2022, primary schools in Wales switched to a new curriculum that gave more autonomy to teachers. [132]