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A non-ossifying fibroma (NOF) is a benign bone tumor of the osteoclastic, giant cell-rich tumor type. [1] It generally occurs in the metaphysis of long bones in children and adolescents. [ 2 ] Typically, there are no symptoms unless there is a fracture . [ 2 ]
Not to be confused with ossifying fibroma. This is a long-standing fibrous epulis in which bone has begun to form. It is believed that irritants and trauma cause the growth. Dental appliances, poor restorations and subgingival plaque and calculus are all examples of possible causes.
This condition occurs in association with denture wearing, and so those affected tend to be middle aged or older adults. 66-75% are estimated to occur in women. [1] Epulis fissuratum is the third most common reactive lesion that occurs in the mouth, after peripheral giant cell granuloma and pyogenic granuloma .
Ameloblastic fibroma is a rare benign mixed epithelial and mesenchymal odontogenic tumour as it contributes to approximately 2% of all odontogenic tumours. It often occurs in the first or second decade of life. Ameloblastic fibroma usually appears as painless swelling of the jaw in the posterior region of the mandible. [2]
The cystic fibroma (fibroma cysticum) has central softening or dilated lymphatic vessels. The myxofibroma (fibroma myxomatodes) is produced by liquefaction of the underlying soft tissue. The cemento-ossifying fibroma is hard and fibrous, most frequently seen in the jaw or mouth, sometimes in connection with a fracture or another type of injury.
The most common bone tumor is a non-ossifying fibroma. [4] Average five-year survival in the United States after being diagnosed with bone and joint cancer is 67%. [5] The earliest known bone tumor was an osteosarcoma in a foot bone discovered in South Africa, between 1.6 and 1.8 million years ago. [6]
Peripheral odontogenic fibroma (PFO) is a fibrous connective tissue mass that is exophytic and covered in surface epithelium that contains odontogenic epithelium. [1] The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies peripheral odontogenic fibroma as a fibroblastic neoplasm with variable amounts of odontogenic epithelium that appears to be dormant.
The ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO) is essentially a benign tumor with the features characteristic of ameloblastic fibroma along with enamel and dentin (hard tissues). [4] Though it is generally regarded as benign, there have been cases of its malignant transformation into ameloblastic fibrosarcoma [ 5 ] and odontogenic sarcoma. [ 6 ]