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Hunter Steinitz (born October 17, 1994) as of June 2010 was 16 and one of only twelve Americans living with the disease, and was profiled on National Geographic's "Extraordinary Humans: Skin" special. [37] Mui Thomas (born in 1992 in Hong Kong) was 24 as of 2016 and qualified as the first rugby referee with harlequin ichthyosis. [38]
Bubonic plague is one of three types of plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. [1] One to seven days after exposure to the bacteria, flu-like symptoms develop. [1] These symptoms include fever, headaches, and vomiting, [1] as well as swollen and painful lymph nodes occurring in the area closest to where the bacteria entered the skin. [2]
The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. [1] The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3]
Ichthyosis vulgaris (also known as "autosomal dominant ichthyosis" [1] and "Ichthyosis simplex" [1]) is a skin disorder causing dry, scaly skin. It is the most common form, and one of the mildest forms, of ichthyosis, [2] [3]: 486 affecting around 1 in 250 people. [4] For this reason it is known as common ichthyosis.
Leishmaniasis is a wide array of clinical manifestations caused by protozoal parasites of the Trypanosomatida genus Leishmania. [7] It is generally spread through the bite of phlebotomine sandflies, Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia, and occurs most frequently in the tropics and sub-tropics of Africa, Asia, the Americas, and southern Europe.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form of leishmaniasis affecting humans. [4] It is a skin infection caused by a single-celled parasite that is transmitted by the bite of a phlebotomine sand fly.
Tungiasis causes skin inflammation, severe pain, itching, and a lesion at the site of infection that is characterized by a black dot at the center of a swollen red lesion, surrounded by what looks like a white halo. Desquamation of the skin is always seen, especially after the flea expands during hypertrophy.
Netherton syndrome is characterized by chronic skin inflammation, universal pruritus (itch), severe dehydration, and stunted growth. Patients with this disorder tend to have a hair shaft defect ( trichorrhexis invaginata ), also known as "bamboo hair".