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In 1948, the DIPS came into effect, when greater control of a pipe's wall thickness was possible. CTS diameter always specifies the outside diameter (OD) of a tube, where pipe diameter specifications only approximate the pipe inside diameter (ID) for sizes of 12 inch or less, and STD wall thickness.
Both pipe and tube imply a level of rigidity and permanence, whereas a hose is usually portable and flexible. A tube and pipe may be specified by standard pipe size designations, e.g., nominal pipe size, or by nominal outside or inside diameter and/or wall thickness. The actual dimensions of pipe are usually not the nominal dimensions: A 1-inch ...
Pipe sizes are documented by a number of standards, including API 5L, ANSI/ASME B36.10M (Table 1) in the US, and BS 1600 and BS 1387 in the United Kingdom. Typically the pipe wall thickness is the controlled variable, and the Inside Diameter (I.D.) is allowed to vary. The pipe wall thickness has a variance of approximately 12.5 percent.
Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) is a North American set of standard sizes for pipes used for high or low pressures and temperatures. [1] " Nominal" refers to pipe in non-specific terms and identifies the diameter of the hole with a non-dimensional number (for example – 2-inch nominal steel pipe" consists of many varieties of steel pipe with the only criterion being a 2.375-inch (60.3 mm) outside ...
In the United States, it usually has yellow or light orange colored printing, common sizes being 1 + 1 ⁄ 4, 1 + 1 ⁄ 2, and 2-inch copper tube size. Types K and L are generally available in both hard drawn straight sections and in rolls of soft anealed tubing, whereas type M and DWV are usually only available in hard drawn straight sections.
AN sizes range from -2 (dash two) to -32 in irregular steps, with each step equating to the OD (outside diameter) of the tubing in 1 ⁄ 16-inch increments. Therefore, a -8 AN size would be equal to 1 ⁄ 2-inch OD tube. However, this system does not specify the ID (inside diameter) of the tubing because the tube wall can vary in thickness.
The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association (also known as TEMA) is an association of fabricators of shell and tube type heat exchangers. [1] TEMA has established and maintains a set of construction standards for heat exchangers, known as the TEMA Standard. [ 2 ]
The Pakistan Steel Mills Corporation, [2] [3] colloquially referred to as Pak Steel, is a Pakistani state-owned company that produces long-rolled steel and heavy metal products in the country.