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The title, "Father of History" (Latin: pater historiae), had been conferred on Herodotus probably by Cicero. [23] Pointing out that John Myres in 1908 had believed that Herodotus was an anthropologist on a par with those of his own day, James M. Redfield asserts: "Herodotus, as we know, was both Father of History and Father of Anthropology."
He was a pioneer of modern anthropology who has been called the "Father of American Anthropology". [23] [24] [25] His work is associated with the movements known as historical particularism and cultural relativism. [26] Studying in Germany, Boas was awarded a doctorate in 1881 in physics while also studying geography.
Tsuboi Shôgorô was a leading member of this group, and he is named one of the founding fathers of Japanese anthropology. In 1892, he became the first professor of anthropology at Tokyo Imperial University. [17] In 1895, the Japanese colonial empire was marked by the annexation of Taiwan and led to an increase in domestic ethnographers in this ...
Boasian anthropology was based on the four-field model of anthropology uniting the fields of cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology, physical anthropology, and archaeology under the umbrella of anthropology. It was based on an understanding of human cultures as malleable and perpetuated through social learning, and understood behavioral ...
Tylor is a founding figure of the science of social anthropology, and his scholarly works helped to build the discipline of anthropology in the nineteenth century. [3] He believed that "research into the history and prehistory of man [...] could be used as a basis for the reform of British society." [4]
As a polymath, he contributed to a wide range of subjects, including ethics, religion, anthropology, economics, political theory, philosophy, literature, astronomy, biology, sociology, and psychology. During his lifetime he achieved tremendous authority, mainly in English-speaking academia.
Edward Sapir (/ s ə ˈ p ɪər /; January 26, 1884 – February 4, 1939) was an American anthropologist-linguist, who is widely considered to be one of the most important figures in the development of the discipline of linguistics in the United States.
Alfred Louis Kroeber (/ ˈ k r oʊ b ər / KROH-bər; June 11, 1876 – October 5, 1960) was an American cultural anthropologist.He received his PhD under Franz Boas at Columbia University in 1901, the first doctorate in anthropology awarded by Columbia.