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  2. Respiratory center - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_center

    The respiratory center receives input from chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, the cerebral cortex, and the hypothalamus in order to regulate the rate and depth of breathing. Input is stimulated by altered levels of oxygen , carbon dioxide , and blood pH , by hormonal changes relating to stress and anxiety from the hypothalamus, and also by ...

  3. Pre-Bötzinger complex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Bötzinger_complex

    The breathing rhythm emerges spontaneously with robust and continuous motor activity measurable on any cranial or spinal motor nerve that innervates breathing related musculature. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] By isolating a rhythmically active newborn rat brainstem-spinal cord in a microsectioning vibratome, Smith and colleagues performed a series of 75 μm ...

  4. Respiratory adaptation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_adaptation

    Respiratory adaptation begins almost immediately after the initiation of the physical stress associated with exercise. This triggers signals from the motor cortex that stimulate the respiratory center of the brain stem, in conjunction with feedback from the proprioreceptors in the muscles and joints of the active limbs.

  5. Brainstem damage could explain long COVID symptoms ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/brainstem-damage-could-explain-long...

    “The brainstem is responsible for controlling basic autonomic functions like breathing and heart rate,” one of the study’s authors, Catarina Rua, PhD, research associate in the Department of ...

  6. Pathophysiology of asthma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology_of_asthma

    The mechanisms behind allergic asthma—i.e., asthma resulting from an immune response to inhaled allergens—are the best understood of the causal factors. In both people with asthma and people who are free of the disease, inhaled allergens that find their way to the inner airways are ingested by a type of cell known as antigen-presenting ...

  7. Control of ventilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_of_ventilation

    Breathing is normally an unconscious, involuntary, automatic process. The pattern of motor stimuli during breathing can be divided into an inhalation stage and an exhalation stage. Inhalation shows a sudden, ramped increase in motor discharge to the respiratory muscles (and the pharyngeal constrictor muscles ). [ 5 ]

  8. Agonal respiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonal_respiration

    Agonal respiration, gasping respiration, or agonal breathing is a distinct and abnormal pattern of breathing and brainstem reflex characterized by gasping labored breathing and is accompanied by strange vocalizations and myoclonus.

  9. Cough center - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cough_center

    It is hence not so much a specific area, but a function within the respiration and reflex networks of the brainstem. Cough receptors project to relay neurones in the solitary nucleus, which project to other parts of the respiratory networks. In particular, the pre-Bötzinger complex may act as a pattern generator for the cough response.

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