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Glucocorticoid deficiency 1 is an adrenocortical failure characterized by low levels of plasma cortisol produced by the adrenal gland despite high levels of plasma ACTH. This is an inherited disorder with several different causes which define the type.
Glucocorticoid deficiency can be caused by inherited genetic disorders that affect the production of cortisol in the adrenal glands, such as familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD). [3] FGD is a group of monogenic recessive disorders caused by disease-causing variants in genes involved in cortisol biosynthesis. [ 4 ]
Glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism also describable as aldosterone synthase hyperactivity, is an autosomal dominant disorder in which the increase in aldosterone secretion produced by ACTH is no longer transient. It is a cause of primary hyperaldosteronism. [1]
The glucocorticoids provide a reliable substitute for cortisol, thereby reducing ACTH levels. Reducing ACTH also reduces the stimulus for continued hyperplasia and overproduction of androgens. In other words, glucocorticoid replacement is the primary method of reducing the excessive adrenal androgen production in both sexes.
Individuals who have generalized glucocorticoid resistance may exhibit biochemical hypercortisolism in the absence of Cushing's syndrome symptoms. [6] The condition's clinical phenotype varies from cases with no symptoms to signs of excess mineralocorticoids in the body such as hypokalemic alkalosis and hypertension and/or androgen excess, including oligospermia in males, menstrual ...
Parental response to increased begging by chicks is an increased time foraging for food. This leaves the nest of chicks without protection for increased durations of time. [ 8 ] To counter this, during extended periods of food shortage, chicks of some species may suppress corticosterone activity and thus reduce the negative effects elevated ...
Familial hyperaldosteronism is a group of inherited conditions in which the adrenal glands, which are small glands located on top of each kidney, produce too much of the hormone aldosterone. [1] Excess aldosterone causes the kidneys to retain more salt than normal, which in turn increases the body's fluid levels and causes high blood pressure ...
The dose ratio r is the ratio of the dose of agonist required for half maximal response with the antagonist present divided by the agonist required for half maximal response without antagonist ("control"). In other words, the ratio of the EC50s of the inhibited and un-inhibited curves. Thus, r represents both the strength of an antagonist and ...