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  2. List of United States Supreme Court cases involving mental ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States...

    The execution of mentally retarded defendants violates the Eighth Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishment. 8th 2005 Roper v. Simmons: In a ruling that followed Wainwright (in assessing the nature of cruel and unusual punishments), children may not be given the death penalty 8th, 14th 2010 Graham v. Florida

  3. Punishment (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punishment_(psychology)

    positive punishment, punishment by application, or type I punishment, an experimenter punishes a response by presenting an aversive stimulus into the animal's surroundings (a brief electric shock, for example). negative punishment, punishment by removal, or type II punishment, a valued, appetitive stimulus is removed (as in the removal of a ...

  4. Psychological punishment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_punishment

    Psychological punishments are punishments that aim to cause mental pain or discomfort in order to punish an individual. Psychological punishments are usually designed to cause discomfort or pain through creating negative emotions such as humiliation, shame and fear within an individual or by depriving the individual of sensory and/or social stimulation.

  5. Punishment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punishment

    In psychology, punishment is the reduction of a behavior via application of an unpleasant stimulus ("positive punishment") or removal of a pleasant stimulus ("negative punishment"). Extra chores or spanking are examples of positive punishment, while removing an offending student's recess or play privileges are examples of negative punishment ...

  6. Reinforcement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforcement

    Positive punishment. Example: Corporal punishment, such as spanking a child. Removing/taking away Negative punishment. Example: Loss of privileges (e.g., screen time or permission to attend a desired event) if a rule is broken. Negative reinforcement. Example: Reading a book because it allows the reader to escape feelings of boredom or unhappiness

  7. Behavior modification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_modification

    Behavior modification is a treatment approach that uses respondent and operant conditioning to change behavior. Based on methodological behaviorism, [1] overt behavior is modified with (antecedent) stimulus control and consequences, including positive and negative reinforcement contingencies to increase desirable behavior, as well as positive and negative punishment, and extinction to reduce ...

  8. Dying To Be Free - The Huffington Post

    projects.huffingtonpost.com/projects/dying-to-be...

    Staff at the center expected addicts to reach a sort of divine moment but gave them few days and few tools to get there. And the role of the therapist he was assigned seemed limited to reminding him of the rules he was expected to follow. Still, by the second week, he appeared to take responsibility for his addiction.

  9. Time-out (parenting) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-out_(parenting)

    He considered removal from a positive emotional environment to one of lesser positivity as a very mild punishment. Various people have added their opinions regarding time-out as the following indicates. Time out is a type two punishment procedure (negative punishment), and is used commonly in schools, colleges, offices, clinics and homes. [8]