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Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that impairs the ability to regulate sleep–wake cycles, ... The opposite of this situation ...
Orexin (/ ɒ ˈ r ɛ k s ɪ n /), also known as hypocretin, is a neuropeptide that regulates arousal, wakefulness, and appetite. [5] It exists in the forms of orexin-A and orexin-B.The most common form of narcolepsy, type 1, in which the individual experiences brief losses of muscle tone ("drop attacks" or cataplexy), is caused by a lack of orexin in the brain due to destruction of the cells ...
Pitolisant, sold under the brand name Wakix among others, is a medication used for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in adults with narcolepsy. [3] It is an inverse agonist of the histamine H 3 receptor. [3]
As a depressant, GHB would worsen narcolepsy and muscle weakness. But in low doses, GHB mainly affects the GHB receptor, [92] [93] an excitatory receptor that releases dopamine and glutamate, [94] giving GHB stimulant effects, the opposite of a depressant.
Conversion disorder presents with symptoms that typically resemble a neurological disorder such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, hypokalemic periodic paralysis, or narcolepsy. The neurologist must carefully exclude neurological disease, through examination and appropriate investigations. [12]
Orexin deficiency has been identified as responsible for narcolepsy. [10] Research suggests that orexin and histamine neurons play distinct, but complementary roles in controlling wakefulness with orexin being more involved with wakeful behavior and histamine with cognition and activation of cortical EEG. [11]
Myotonic dystrophy is often associated with SOREMPs (sleep onset REM periods, such as occur in narcolepsy). [8] There are many neurological disorders that may mimic the primary hypersomnias, narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia: brain tumors; stroke-provoking lesions; clinophilia; and dysfunction in the thalamus, hypothalamus, or brainstem.
Narcolepsy with cataplexy is considered an autoimmune-mediated disorder, so some therapies based on this hypothesis have been developed. Immunological therapies developed include: [ 20 ] Corticosteroids : after testing in 1 human and 1 canine case it proved to be ineffective so is less likely to be further used.
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