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The Tsardom of Russia, [a] also known as the Tsardom of Moscow, [b] was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721. From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) per year. [11]
Tsarist autocracy (Russian: царское самодержавие, romanized: tsarskoye samoderzhaviye), also called Tsarism, was an autocracy, a form of absolute monarchy localised with the Grand Duchy of Moscow and its successor states, the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire.
The Russian Orthodox Church, though its influence is thin in some parts of Siberia and southern Russia, where there has been a perceptible revival of pre-Christian religion, [6] acts as the de facto, if not de jure, privileged religion of the state, claiming the right to decide which other religions or denominations are to be granted the right ...
The Tsar of all Russia, in full the Sovereign, Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia, [a] [1] was the title of the Russian monarch from 1547 to 1721. During this period, the state was a tsardom . The first Russian monarch to be crowned as tsar was Ivan IV , who had held the title of sovereign and grand prince . [ 2 ]
The Millennium of Russia monument in Veliky Novgorod (unveiled on 8 September 1862). The history of Russia begins with the histories of the East Slavs. [1] [2] The traditional start date of specifically Russian history is the establishment of the Rus' state in the north in the year 862, ruled by Varangians.
Censorship first attained a kind of official status in the period of the Tsardom (1547–1721): it was encoded in law in the Stoglav and was directed against heresies, schisms, and other alleged deviations from religious dogmas and sacred texts. [2] Significant changes in censorship policy occurred over the course of the imperial period.
The formal end to Tatar rule over Russia was the defeat of the Tatars at the Great Stand on the Ugra River in 1480. Ivan III (r. 1462–1505) and Vasili III (r. 1505–1533) had consolidated the centralized Russian state following the annexations of the Novgorod Republic in 1478, Tver in 1485, the Pskov Republic in 1510, Volokolamsk in 1513, Ryazan in 1521, and Novgorod-Seversk in 1522.
[16] [17] Moscow came to dominate the region known as Great Russia, and by the early 16th century, the Russian states were unified with Moscow. [ 17 ] [ 18 ] The subjects of the Muscovite ruler were overwhelmingly Great Russian in ethnicity and Orthodox in religion. [ 17 ]