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Like many other medical conditions, obesity is the result of an interplay between environmental and genetic factors. [2] [3] Studies have identified variants in several genes that may contribute to weight gain and body fat distribution, although only in a few cases are genes the primary cause of obesity.
Fat mass and obesity-associated protein, also known as alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FTO gene located on chromosome 16. As one homolog in the AlkB family proteins, it is the first messenger RNA (mRNA) demethylase that has been identified. [ 5 ]
16p11.2 deletion syndrome is a rare genetic condition caused by microdeletion on the short arm of chromosome 16. Most affected individuals experience global developmental delay and intellectual disability, as well as childhood-onset obesity. [1] 16p11.2 deletion is estimated to account for approximately 1% of autism spectrum disorder cases. [3] [4]
Monogenic obesity is excess weight caused by a mutation in a single gene, as opposed to syndromic obesity not tied to a single gene variation and most obesity, which is caused by multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. Monogenetic obesity mostly affects the hypothalamus and leptin–melanocortin system (see hypothalamic obesity ...
Obesity is a disease characterized by having excessive body fat, increasing a person’s risk for many serious health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, and even some cancers
A panel of global experts explains why BMI is not the most helpful measurement of body weight, and how else doctors can diagnose obesity. Image credit: VICTOR TORRES/Stocksy.
A 2001 study of 13 people with a heterozygous frameshift mutation known as delta-G133 found that they had lower blood leptin levels than controls. There was an increased rate of obesity in these individuals, with 76% having a BMI of more than 30 compared to 26% in the control group. [89]
China on Thursday said it was adding dozens of American companies to its export control list to "safeguard national security and interests." China's Ministry of Commerce said it would impose ...