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Bihari languages are a group of the Indo-Aryan languages. [2] [3] The Bihari languages are mainly spoken in the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal, and also in Nepal. [4] [5] The most widely spoken languages of the Bihari group are Bhojpuri, Magahi and Maithili.
Bihari people can be separated into three main Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic groups, Bhojpuris, Maithils and Magadhis. [1] They are also further divided into a variety of hereditary caste groups. [ 2 ] In Bihar today, the Bihari identity is seen as secondary to caste/clan, linguistic and religious identity but nonetheless is a subset of the larger ...
Satyapal Chandra [4] has written many English best-seller novels and he is one of India's emerging young writer. Despite the large number of speakers of Bihari languages, they have not been constitutionally recognised in India, except Maithili which is recognised under the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India.
Most of the languages of Bihar, the third most populous state of India, belong to the Bihari subgroup of the Indo-Aryan family. Chief among them are Bhojpuri, spoken in the west of the state, Maithili in the north, Magahi in center around capital Patna and in the south of the state.
The Magahi language is mainly spoken in south Bihar and parts of Jharkhand it is in the Bihari group of Indo Aryan languages, around 12 million people speak Magahi as an native language according to the 2011 census of India. [4]
In Magahi speaking area, folk singers sing a good number of ballads. The introduction of Urdu meant a setback to local languages as its Persian script was alien to local people. The first success in spreading Hindi occurred in Bihar in 1881, when Hindi displaced Urdu as the official language of the province.
Hindi is the official language of the state and is spoken natively by 25.54% of the total population. [90] At 8.42%, Urdu is the second official language in 15 districts of the state. [91] However, the majority of the people speak one of the Bihari languages, most of which were
A large number of people from the Bhojpuri speaking regions of Bihar Province and Uttar Pradesh Province of British India travelled to various parts of the world in the 19th century to serve as indentured labours on sugarcane, cocoa, rice, and rubber plantations in the Caribbean, Fiji, Mauritius, Myanmar, Seychelles and Natal, South Africa.