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Insulin lispro, sold under the brand name Humalog among others, is a modified type of medical insulin used to treat type 1 and type 2 diabetes. [5] It is delivered subcutaneously either by injection or from an insulin pump .
NPH insulin is cloudy and has an onset of 1–3 hours. Its peak is 6–8 hours and its duration is up to 24 hours. [9]It has an intermediate duration of action, meaning longer than that of regular and rapid-acting insulin, and shorter than long acting insulins (ultralente, glargine or detemir).
Early initiation of insulin therapy for the long-term management of conditions such as type 2 diabetes would suggest that the use of insulin has unique benefits, however, with insulin therapy, there is a need to gradually raise the dose and the complexity of the regimen, as well as the likelihood of developing severe hypoglycemia which is why ...
Novo Nordisk created insulin detemir and markets it under the trade name Levemir as a long-lasting insulin analogue for maintaining the basal level of insulin. [ 1 ] [ 5 ] The basal level of insulin may be maintained for up to 20 hours, but the time is affected by the size of the injected dose.
The combination of the fast-acting form and the long-acting form allows the patient to receive fewer injections over the course of the day. [27] NovoLog Mix is marketed to be used with the Novo Nordisk FlexPen. [28] The onset of action is less than 30 minutes, the peak action is reached in 1–4 hours, and the duration is less than 24 hours. [29]
The representation is made on a temperature-relative humidity, instead of a standard psychrometric chart. The comfort zone in blue represents the 90% of acceptability, which means the conditions between -0.5 and +0.5 PMV, or PPD < 10%.
Long-term complications include heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, foot ulcers, and damage to the eyes. [5] Furthermore, since insulin lowers blood sugar levels, complications may arise from low blood sugar if more insulin is taken than necessary. [11] Type 1 diabetes makes up an estimated 5–10% of all diabetes cases. [14]
The USP Controlled Room Temperature is a series of United States Pharmacopeia guidelines for the storage of pharmaceuticals; [1] the relevant omnibus standard is USP 797. [2] [3] Although 100% compliance remains challenging for any given facility, [4] the larger protocol may be regarded as constituting a form of clean room [5] which is included in a suite of best practices.