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Below is an example of the fourfold pattern of risk attitudes. The first item in each quadrant shows an example prospect (e.g. 95% chance to win $10,000 is high probability and a gain). The second item in the quadrant shows the focal emotion that the prospect is likely to evoke.
[1] [7] Copeland wanted to understand where the money to finance increases in Gross National Product came from, and what happened to unspent money if GNP declined. He developed a set of tables to show the relationship between flows of income and expenditure and changes to the stocks of outstanding debt and financial assets held in the US economy.
The most common presentation of cerebrovascular disease is an ischemic stroke or mini-stroke and sometimes a hemorrhagic stroke. [2] Hypertension (high blood pressure) is the most important contributing risk factor for stroke and cerebrovascular diseases as it can change the structure of blood vessels and result in atherosclerosis . [ 5 ]
In this example: The Events IDs refer to a separate database that defines the characteristics of the events, known as an event loss table (ELT) Year 1 contains two events: events 965 and 7, with losses of $100,000 and $1,000,000, giving a total loss in year 1 of $1,100,000; Year 2 only contains one event; Year 3 contains no events
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Since stroke is an essential part of vascular dementia, [13] the goal is to prevent new strokes. This is attempted through reduction of stroke risk factors, such as high blood pressure, high blood lipid levels, atrial fibrillation, or diabetes mellitus. [2] [5] Medications for high blood pressure are used to prevent pre-stroke dementia. [19]
A high score corresponds to a greater risk of stroke, while a low score corresponds to a lower risk of stroke. The CHADS 2 score is simple and has been validated by many studies. [ 2 ] In clinical use, the CHADS 2 score (pronounced "chads two") has been superseded by the CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score ("chads vasc" [ 3 ] ), which gives a better ...
For example, the decoy effect shows that inserting a $5 medium soda between a $3 small and $5.10 large can make customers perceive the large as a better deal (because it's "only 10 cents more than the medium"). Behavioral economics introduces models that weaken or remove many assumptions of consumer rationality, including IIA. This provides ...