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Other less common cause include specific bacteria as mycobacterium tuberculosis, viruses, fungi and parasites. [3] In children, however, there are certain groups that are specifically vulnerable to such infections, namely preterm infants, neonates in general, children and adolescents with hematologic disorders, renal osteodystrophy , and immune ...
The presence of intracellular bacteria in chronic osteomyelitis is likely an unrecognized contributing factor in its persistence. [citation needed] In infants, the infection can spread to a joint and cause arthritis. In children, large subperiosteal abscesses can form because the periosteum is loosely attached to the surface of the bone. [13]
There are four species of Kingella: K. kingae, the most common, is part of the bacterial flora of the throat in young children and is transmitted from child to child. When it causes disease, the clinical presentation is often subtle and preceded by a recent history of stomatitis or upper respiratory infection.
Joint pain is a common symptom we all experience at some point or another. Painful joints can have a significant impact on quality of life and the ability to do daily activities.
The treatment is a combination of systemic antibiotics, debridement of infectious and necrotic tissue and local antibiotics applied to the joint space. The bacteria that usually cause prosthetic joint infections commonly form a biofilm, or a thick slime that is adherent to the artificial joint surface, thus making treatment challenging.
Transient synovitis usually affects children between three and ten years old (but it has been reported in a 3-month-old infant and in some adults [3]). It is the most common cause of sudden hip pain and limp in young children. [4] [5] Boys are affected two to four times as often as girls. [5] [6] [7] The exact cause is unknown.
The most common cause of infection in children is a congenital abnormality such as pyriform sinus fistula. [5] In most cases, the infection originates in the piriform sinus and spreads to the thyroid via the fistula. [7] In many reported cases of AIT the infection occurs following an upper respiratory tract infection.
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