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Children can be notoriously bad sleepers, so who could blame a parent or caregiver for considering melatonin? Here’s what experts want you to know before giving it to kids, including safety ...
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A plot of SIDS rate from 1988 to 2006. The Safe to Sleep campaign, formerly known as the Back to Sleep campaign, [1] is an initiative backed by the US National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) at the US National Institutes of Health to encourage parents to have their infants sleep on their backs (supine position) to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS.
A bottle of melatonin tablets. Melatonin is also available in timed-release and in liquid forms. A prolonged-release 2 mg oral formulation of melatonin sold under the brand name Circadin is approved for use in the European Union in the short-term treatment of insomnia in people age 55 and older. [11] [29] [8]
UNICEF has estimated that: "Globally, more than one quarter (26 percent) of children under 5 years of age were stunted in 2011 – roughly 165 million children worldwide." [ 64 ] and "in sub-Saharan Africa, 40 per cent of children under 5 years of age are stunted; in South Asia, 39 per cent are stunted."
The establishment of regular melatonin levels in human infants occurs around the third month after birth, with peak concentrations observed between midnight and 8:00 am. [20] It has been documented that melatonin production diminishes as a person ages. [21]
[1] 6-Hydroxymelatonin is produced as a result of the enzymatic conversion of melatonin through hydroxylation. [2] Similar to melatonin, 6-OHM is a full agonist of the MT 1 and MT 2 receptors. [3] [4] It is also an antioxidant and neuroprotective, and is even more potent in this regard relative to melatonin. [5] [6]
Out of the number of children under the age of 5 alone, an estimated 5.6 million children die each year mostly from such preventable causes. [3] The child survival strategies and interventions are in line with the fourth Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which focused on reducing child mortality by 2/3 of children under five before the year 2015.
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