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Intercompany accounting is the accounting process when transactions occur between two business entities with common ownership. Companies with common ownership include parent companies and subsidiary companies. Intercompany transactions arise when business transactions occur between entities that are not independent since control of both is held ...
Review testing approach and documentation: Many companies or external audit firms mistakenly attempted to impose generic frameworks over unique transaction-level processes or across locations. For instance, most of the COSO Framework elements represent indirect entity-level controls, which should be tested separately from transactional processes.
It serves to guide the auditor on obtaining audit evidence through the application of an appropriate mix of tests of control systems and substantive tests of transaction and balances. It requests the auditor to obtain 'sufficient' and 'appropriate' audit evidence in order to draw reasonable conclusions on which to base the audit opinion.
This standard contains the standards over performing an audit of internal control over financial reporting that is integrated with an audit of financial statements. The auditor must test entity-level controls that are important to the auditor's conclusion about whether the company has effective internal control over financial reporting .
The Comments column provides references to sections of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) which complement or supersede a particular Audit and Accounting Guide. The ASC is published by the Financial Accounting Standards Board , and access to the ASC is free through the Basic View on the FASB web site.
In the United States, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board develops standards (Auditing Standards or AS) for publicly traded companies since the 2002 passage of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act; however, it adopted many of the GAAS initially. The GAAS continues to apply to non-public/private companies.
In addition, the circular provides for a three-tier set of documentation and reporting standards, based on the aggregate amount of intercompany transactions. Taxpayers affected by the rules who engaged in intercompany transactions under RMB 20 million for the year were generally exempted from reporting, documentation, and penalties.
Maker-checker (or Maker and Checker or 4-Eyes) is one of the central principles of authorization in the information systems of financial organizations. The principle of maker and checker means that for each transaction, there must be at least two individuals necessary for its completion. While one individual may create a transaction, the other ...