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  2. Abdominal obesity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_obesity

    Abdominal fat is especially active hormonally, secreting a group of hormones called adipokines that may possibly impair glucose tolerance. But adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine, which is found in lower concentration in obese and diabetic individuals has shown to be beneficial and protective in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). [14] [15]

  3. Gastric bypass surgery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastric_bypass_surgery

    Gastric bypass surgery refers to a technique in which the stomach is divided into a small upper pouch and a much larger lower "remnant" pouch, where the small intestine is rearranged to connect to both. Surgeons have developed several different ways to reconnect the intestine, thus leading to several different gastric bypass procedures (GBP ...

  4. Ileo-anal pouch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ileo-anal_pouch

    In medicine, the ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA), also known as restorative proctocolectomy (RPC), ileal-anal reservoir (IAR), an ileo-anal pouch, ileal-anal pullthrough, or sometimes referred to as a J-pouch, S-pouch, W-pouch, or a pelvic pouch, is an anastomosis of a reservoir pouch made from ileum (small intestine) to the anus, bypassing the former site of the colon in cases where the ...

  5. Prophylactic surgery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophylactic_surgery

    However, the terms usage is largely associated and most commonly interpreted as the prevention of cancer surgically. [11] [3] There are several examples and types of prophylactic surgery, for both cancer related and cancer unrelated diseases. In cancer related prophylactic surgeries, most individuals required to do these surgeries have either ...

  6. Hemicorporectomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemicorporectomy

    The surgical procedure is typically done in two stages, but it is possible to conduct the surgery in one stage. The first stage is the discontinuation of the waste functions by performing a colostomy and ileal conduit in the upper abdominal quadrants. The second stage is the amputation at the lumbar spine. [5] [6]

  7. Kate Middleton reveals cancer was found after abdominal ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/entertainment/kate-middleton-reveals...

    Kate Middleton is undergoing preventative chemotherapy after doctors discovered cancer during her abdominal surgery in January.. Following months of speculation about her health, the world heard ...

  8. Peritoneal mesothelioma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peritoneal_mesothelioma

    Peritoneal mesothelioma is the name given to the cancer that attacks the lining of the abdomen. This type of cancer affects the lining that protects the contents of the abdomen and which also provides a lubricating fluid to enable the organs to move and work properly. The peritoneum is made of two parts, the visceral and parietal peritoneum.

  9. Radiation therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_therapy

    Methods, techniques and devices are available to lower the occurrence of this type of adverse side effect. [24] Intestinal discomfort The lower bowel may be treated directly with radiation (treatment of rectal or anal cancer) or be exposed by radiation therapy to other pelvic structures (prostate, bladder, female genital tract).