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Sharp waves and associated ripples are present in the mammalian brains of the species that have been investigated for this purpose, including mice, rats, rabbits, monkeys and humans. [6] In all of these species, they have been shown primarily to be involved in consolidation of recently acquired memories during the immobility and slow-wave sleep .
A focal impaired awareness temporal lobe seizure occurs if a person becomes unaware during any part of the seizure. [10] Approximately 80% of seizures in the temporal lobe begin in the mesial temporal region, frequently starting in or around the hippocampus. The hippocampus, found in both temporal lobes, is essential for memory and learning. [12]
An individual in the midst of a prolonged TEA attack was given a PET scan which revealed "dramatic and circumscribed hypermetabolism in the left medial temporal lobe" and his "fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery MRI scan revealed high signal in the left hippocampus". [13] Surface EEG recording during an amnesic attack was performed in ten TEA ...
Symptoms will vary according to where the seizure occurs. When seizures occur in the frontal lobe, the patient may experience a wave-like sensation in the head. When seizures occur in the temporal lobe, a feeling of déjà vu may be experienced. When seizures are localized to the parietal lobe, a numbness or tingling may occur.
Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a complex, rare, and severe childhood-onset epilepsy syndrome. It is characterized by multiple and concurrent seizure types including tonic seizure, cognitive dysfunction, and slow spike waves on electroencephalogram (EEG), which are very abnormal. [1]
The disorder should be differentiated from several other conditions, especially centrotemporal spikes without seizures, centrotemporal spikes with local brain pathology, central spikes in Rett syndrome and fragile X syndrome, malignant Rolandic epilepsy, temporal lobe epilepsy and Landau-Kleffner syndrome.
Spike-and-wave is a pattern of the electroencephalogram (EEG) typically observed during epileptic seizures. A spike-and-wave discharge is a regular, symmetrical, generalized EEG pattern seen particularly during absence epilepsy , also known as ‘petit mal’ epilepsy. [ 1 ]
Temporal lobe signs usually involve auditory sensation and memory, and may include: [citation needed] deafness without damage to the structures of the ear, described as cortical deafness; tinnitus, auditory hallucinations; loss of ability to comprehend music or language, described as a sensory aphasia (Wernicke's aphasia)