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A wide variety of alkaloid and non-alkaloid compounds have been identified in various species of ephedra.Of the six ephedrine-type ingredients found in ephedra (at concentrations of 0.02-3.4%), the most common are ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, [12] which are the sources of its stimulant and thermogenic effects. [3]
The elimination half-life of pseudoephedrine on average is 5.4 hours [2] and ranges from 3 to 16 hours depending on urinary pH. [1] [11] At a pH of 5.6 to 6.0, the elimination half-life of pseudoephedrine was 5.2 to 8.0 hours. [11]
The diagnosis of autism is based on a person's reported and directly observed behavior. [1] There are no known biomarkers for autism spectrum conditions that allow for a conclusive diagnosis. [ 2 ]
The opioid excess theory postulates that autism is the result of a metabolic disorder in which opioid peptides produced through metabolism of gluten and casein pass through an abnormally permeable intestinal membrane and then proceed to exert an effect on neurotransmission through binding with opioid receptors. [1]
Southwest Michigan Ripple Effects Autism Center opens program for preschool children in Coldwater at 350 Marshall St.
Ephedrine is a non-catecholamine sympathomimetic with cardiovascular effects similar to those of adrenaline/epinephrine: increased blood pressure, heart rate, and contractility. Like pseudoephedrine it is a bronchodilator, with pseudoephedrine having considerably less effect. [19] [20]
For example, a relatively small 2007 study of 5,484 eight-year-old children in Finland found 2.9 children per 1,000 met the ICD-10 criteria for an AS diagnosis, 2.7 per 1,000 for Gillberg and Gillberg criteria, 2.5 for DSM-IV, 1.6 for Szatmari et al., and 4.3 per 1,000 for the union of the four criteria.
A Clarinase Repetab tablet contains 5 mg loratadine in the tablet coating and 120 mg pseudoephedrine sulfate equally distributed between the tablet coating and the barrier-coated core. The two active components in the coating are quickly liberated; release of pseudoephedrine in the core is delayed for several hours.