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Packet Tracer is commonly used by NetAcad students, since it is available to download after creating a free account. [10] However, due to functional limitations, it is intended by Cisco to be used only as a learning aid, not a replacement for Cisco routers and switches. [9]
IOS XE is a release train of Cisco Systems' widely deployed Internetworking Operating System (IOS), introduced with the ASR 1000 series. [2]It is built on Linux [3] [4] and provides a distributed software architecture that moves many operating system responsibilities out of the IOS process [5] [6] and has a copy of IOS running as a separate process. [7]
Cisco's IOS software maintains one IDB for each hardware interface in a particular Cisco switch or router and one IDB for each subinterface. The number of IDBs present in a system varies with the Cisco hardware platform type. Physical and logical interfaces on the switch will be referenced with either expanded or abbreviated port description names.
NX-OS is a network operating system for the Nexus-series Ethernet switches and MDS-series Fibre Channel storage area network switches made by Cisco Systems. It evolved from the Cisco operating system SAN-OS, originally developed for its MDS switches. [1] It is based on Wind River Linux and is inter-operable with other Cisco operating systems.
Vyatta is a software-based virtual router, virtual firewall and VPN product for Internet Protocol networks (IPv4 and IPv6). A free download of Vyatta has been available since March 2006. The system is a specialized Debian-based Linux distribution with networking applications such as Quagga, OpenVPN, and many others.
NetFlow is a feature that was introduced on Cisco routers around 1996 that provides the ability to collect IP network traffic as it enters or exits an interface. By analyzing the data provided by NetFlow, a network administrator can determine things such as the source and destination traffic, class of service, and the causes of congestion.
Router configuration rules may contain static routes. A static route minimally has a destination address, a prefix length or subnet mask, and a definition where to send packets for the route. That definition can refer to a local interface on the router, or a next-hop address that could be on the far end of a subnet to which the router is connected.
Open source: Free with paid services available: Zentyal is an open-source router/firewall and small business server. Zeroshell: Discontinued: Linux distribution: x86, ARM: GPL V2: Free (contribution required for some graphing functions) Web-administrative router/firewall live CD with QoS features.