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[253] According to K. M. Munshi, "Thirukkural is a treatise par excellence on the art of living." [253] The Indian nationalist and Yoga guru Sri Aurobindo stated, "Thirukkural is gnomic poetry, the greatest in planned conception and force of execution ever written in this kind."
Thiruvalluvar, one of the greatest authors in Indian history, wrote Thirukkural more than 2000 years ago. The Thirukkural is one of the most revered ancient works in the Tamil language. It is considered a 'common creed', providing a guide for human morals and betterment in life. The Thirukkural has been translated into several languages."
Veṇpā is a closely related family of very strict [6] Tamil verse forms. They differ chiefly in the number of standard lines that occur before the final short line. In kuṟaḷ-veṇpā (or simply "kural") a single 4-foot ("standard") line is followed by a final 3-foot ("short") line, resulting in a 7-foot couplet. [7]
The poem Kapilar Akaval states that Valluvar was born on the top of an oil-nut or iluppai tree (Madhuca indica) in Mayilapuram, [30] [52] while verse 21 of the Tiruvalluva Maalai claims that he was born in Madurai. [9]
Thirukkural dalam bahasa Melayu (Thirukkural Kitab Murni Tamil Nadu) Kuala Lumpur: 1978: Reprinted in 1991: Insan maging menikmati kekejaman Tanpa belasan mengemukakan badan. NA (Persatuan Hindu Universiti, Malaysia) 1997: M. Rajentheran/Kumaran: Malaysia (Uma Publications) 2003: Singaravelu Sachithanantham: Tirukkural translations into English ...
It is one of the most important forms of classical Tamil language poetry. Thiru is a term denoting divine respect, literally meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. Since the work was written in this poetic form, it came to be known as 'Tirukkural', meaning 'sacred couplets'. [7]
The Book of Aṟam is the most important of all the books of the Tirukkural and is considered the most fundamental. [3] The book exclusively deals with dharma, which is common to the entire work of the Tirukkural, thus providing the essence of the work as a whole.
Gnomic poetry consists of meaningful sayings put into verse to aid the memory. They were known by the Greeks as gnomes (c.f. the Greek adjective γνωμικός ( gnomikos ) "appertaining to an opinion or aphorism ").