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The term creosote has a broad range of definitions depending on the origin of the coal tar oil and end-use of the material. With respect to wood preservatives, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers the term creosote to mean a pesticide for use as a wood preservative meeting the American Wood Protection Association (AWPA) Standards P1/P13 and P2. [6]
Coal tar is produced through thermal destruction of coal.Its composition varies with the process and type of coal used – lignite, bituminous or anthracite. [13]Coal tar is a mixture of approximately 10,000 chemicals, of which only about 50% have been identified.
Chrysene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with the molecular formula C 18 H 12 [4] that consists of four fused benzene rings. It is a natural constituent of coal tar, from which it was first isolated and characterized.
Creosote is a tar-based preservative that is commonly used for utility poles and railroad ties or sleepers. Creosote is one of the oldest wood preservatives, and was originally derived from a wood distillate , but now, virtually all creosote is manufactured from the distillation of coal tar .
One can produce a tar-like substance from corn stalks by heating them in a microwave oven. This process is known as pyrolysis. Tar is a dark brown or black viscous liquid of hydrocarbons and free carbon, obtained from a wide variety of organic materials through destructive distillation. Tar can be produced from coal, wood, petroleum, or peat. [1]
Coal tar creosote; Wood creosote; Reduction product of vanillin using zinc powder in strong hydrochloric acid (Clemmensen reduction) Found as glycosides in green vanilla beans [2] It is also found in tequila. [3]
p-Cresol is a major component in pig odor. [11] Temporal glands secretion examination showed the presence of phenol and p-cresol during musth in male elephants. [12] [13] It is one of the very few compounds to attract the orchid bee Euglossa cyanura and has been used to capture and study the species.
Thus, coals must be subjected to a float-sink test in the laboratory, which will determine the optimum particle size for washing, the density of the wash liquid required to remove the maximum ash value with the minimum work. Float-Sink testing is achieved on crushed and pulverised coal in a process similar to metallurgical testing on metallic ore.