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The Poor Relief Act 1601 [1] (43 Eliz. 1.c. 2) was an Act of the Parliament of England. The Act for the Relief of the Poor 1601, popularly known as the Elizabethan Poor Law, the "43rd Elizabeth", [a] or the "Old Poor Law", [b] was passed in 1601 and created a poor law system for England and Wales.
The new system of poor relief reinforced a sense of social hierarchy and provided a way of controlling the 'lower orders'. [1] Overseers of the poor were replaced in the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834, and replaced with boards of guardians, although overseers remained in some places as a method of collecting the poor rate. [2]
The Poor Laws in the aftermath of the Black Death (pictured), when labour was in short supply, were concerned with making the able-bodied work. [9] (Also see: Sturdy beggar) The earliest medieval Poor Law was the Ordinance of Labourers of King Edward III, issued in 1349 and revised in 1350. [10]
The impotent poor (people who could not work) were to be cared for in an almshouse or a poorhouse. In this way, the law offered relief to people who were unable to work, mainly those who were elderly, blind, or crippled or otherwise physically infirm. [citation needed] The able-bodied poor were to be set to work in a House of Industry.
The Poor Act 1575 (18 Eliz. 1.c. 3) was a law passed in England under Queen Elizabeth I It is a part of the Tudor Poor Laws and a predecessor to the Elizabethan Poor Laws.. The 1575 act required parishes to create “a competent stock of wool, hemp, flax, iron and other stuff” for the poor to work on.
The house of correction was a type of establishment built after the passing of the Poor Relief Act 1601, places where those who were "unwilling to work", including vagrants and beggars, were set to work. The building of houses of correction came after the passing of an amendment to the Elizabethan Poor Law. [1]
The list contained in the 1601 preamble is: "The relief of aged, impotent, and poor people." "The maintenance of sick and maimed soldiers and mariners." "The maintenance of schools of learning, free schools, and scholars in universities." "The repair of bridges, ports, havens, causeways, churches, sea-banks, and highways."
Outdoor relief, an obsolete term originating with the Elizabethan Poor Law (1601), was a programme of social welfare and poor relief.Assistance was given in the form of money, food, clothing or goods to alleviate poverty without the requirement that the recipient enter an institution. [1]