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  2. Oligonucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligonucleotide

    Oligonucleotides are short DNA or RNA molecules, oligomers, that have a wide range of applications in genetic testing, research, and forensics.Commonly made in the laboratory by solid-phase chemical synthesis, [1] these small fragments of nucleic acids can be manufactured as single-stranded molecules with any user-specified sequence, and so are vital for artificial gene synthesis, polymerase ...

  3. Oligonucleotide synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligonucleotide_synthesis

    Oligonucleotide synthesis is the chemical synthesis of relatively short fragments of nucleic acids with defined chemical structure ().The technique is extremely useful in current laboratory practice because it provides a rapid and inexpensive access to custom-made oligonucleotides of the desired sequence.

  4. Sigma-Aldrich - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigma-Aldrich

    Sigma Life Science provides products such as custom DNA/RNA oligos; custom DNA and LNA probes; siRNA; isotopically-labelled peptides and peptide libraries. Sigma Advanced Genetic Engineering (SAGE) Labs is a division within Sigma-Aldrich that specializes in genetic manipulation of in vivo systems for special research and development applications.

  5. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CpG_Oligodeoxynucleotide

    Then, in 1995 Krieg et al. demonstrated that the CpG motif within bacterial DNA was responsible for the immunostimulatory effects and developed synthetic CpG ODN. [6] Since then, synthetic CpG ODN have been the focus of intense research due to the Type I pro-inflammatory response they elicit and their successful use as vaccine adjuvants.

  6. Morpholino - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morpholino

    A Morpholino, also known as a Morpholino oligomer and as a phosphorodiamidate Morpholino oligomer (PMO), is a type of oligomer molecule (colloquially, an oligo) used in molecular biology to modify gene expression. Its molecular structure contains DNA bases attached to a backbone of methylenemorpholine rings linked through phosphorodiamidate groups.

  7. Locked nucleic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locked_nucleic_acid

    Chemical structure of an LNA monomer an additional bridge bonds the 2' oxygen and the 4' carbon of the pentose. A locked nucleic acid (LNA), also known as bridged nucleic acid (BNA), [1] and often referred to as inaccessible RNA, is a modified RNA nucleotide in which the ribose moiety is modified with an extra bridge connecting the 2' oxygen and 4' carbon.

  8. Allele-specific oligonucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allele-specific_oligo...

    The human disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a genetic mutation in the codon for the sixth amino acid of the blood protein beta-hemoglobin.The normal DNA sequence G-A-G codes for the amino acid glutamate, while the mutation changes the middle adenine to a thymine, leading to the sequence G-T-G (G-U-G in the mRNA).

  9. Site-directed mutagenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site-directed_mutagenesis

    Investigative tools – specific mutations in DNA allow the function and properties of a DNA sequence or a protein to be investigated in a rational approach. Furthermore, single amino-acid changes by site-directed mutagenesis in proteins can help understand the importance of post-translational modifications.

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