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Early Middle Japanese (中古日本語, Chūko-Nihongo) [1] is a stage of the Japanese language between 794 and 1185, which is known as the Heian period (平安時代). The successor to Old Japanese ( 上代日本語 ), it is also known as Late Old Japanese .
The classical Japanese language (文語, bungo, "literary language"), also called "old writing" (古文, kobun) and sometimes simply called "Medieval Japanese", is the literary form of the Japanese language that was the standard until the early Shōwa period (1926–1989).
The Heian period (平安時代, Heian jidai) is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. [1] It followed the Nara period, beginning when the 50th emperor, Emperor Kammu, moved the capital of Japan to Heian-kyō (modern Kyoto).
Old Japanese (上代日本語, Jōdai Nihon-go) is the oldest attested stage of the Japanese language, recorded in documents from the Nara period (8th century). It became Early Middle Japanese in the succeeding Heian period, but the precise delimitation of the stages is controversial. Old Japanese was an early member of the Japonic language ...
At the end of the 16th century, Portuguese missionaries came to coastal islands of Japan and created brief grammars and dictionaries of Middle Japanese for the purpose of trade. The 1603–1604 dictionary Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam has 2 entries: nifon [8] and iippon. [9] Since then many derived names of Japan appeared on early-modern ...
This category represents Japanese texts written in Early Middle Japanese (794 and 1185), a linguistic period spanning the 12th and early 14th centuries ranging from the end of the Heian period (Insei) and Kamakura period. Please note that, as this is a linguistic category, texts written during this period in classical Chinese (kanbun) are not ...
Middle Japanese may refer to: Early Middle Japanese, a Japanese linguistic period spanning c. 800–1200; Late Middle Japanese, ...
This dictionary notes over 3,700 Japanese pronunciations, [2] and cites early texts, for instance, the circa 822 CE Buddhist Nihon Ryōiki (日本霊異記 "Accounts of Miracles in Japan"). The Shinsen Jikyō is the first Japanese dictionary to include kokuji "national characters" invented in Japan. [3]