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Biliary colic, also known as symptomatic cholelithiasis, a gallbladder attack or gallstone attack, is when a colic (sudden pain) occurs due to a gallstone temporarily blocking the cystic duct. [1] Typically, the pain is in the right upper part of the abdomen , and can be severe. [ 2 ]
The remaining 50% are due to non-biliary causes. This is because upper abdominal pain and gallstones are both common but are not always related. Non-biliary causes of PCS may be caused by a functional gastrointestinal disorder, such as functional dyspepsia. [6] Chronic diarrhea in postcholecystectomy syndrome is a type of bile acid diarrhea ...
[2] [3] However, when a gallstone obstructs the bile duct and causes acute cholestasis, a reflexive smooth muscle spasm often occurs, resulting in an intense cramp-like visceral pain in the right upper part of the abdomen known as a biliary colic (or "gallbladder attack"). [4] This happens in 1–4% of those with gallstones each year. [4]
Of all people with stones, 1–4% have biliary colic each year. [5] If untreated, about 20% of people with biliary colic develop acute cholecystitis. [5] Once the gallbladder is removed outcomes are generally good. [4] Without treatment, chronic cholecystitis may occur. [2]
Cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder.Cholecystectomy is a common treatment of symptomatic gallstones and other gallbladder conditions. [1] In 2011, cholecystectomy was the eighth most common operating room procedure performed in hospitals in the United States. [2]
Gallbladder diseases are diseases involving the gallbladder and is closely linked to biliary disease, with the most common cause being gallstones (cholelithiasis). [1] [2]The gallbladder is designed to aid in the digestion of fats by concentrating and storing the bile made in the liver and transferring it through the biliary tract to the digestive system through bile ducts that connect the ...
For patients with primary biliary cholangitis, current guidelines recommend about 13–15 mg/kg of ursodeoxycholic acid as a first line treatment. [121] This drug stimulates biliary bicarbonate secretion, improves survival without having to resort to a liver transplantation, and is very well tolerated—making it an ideal treatment. [122]
Diagnosis and treatment can be carried out by an ERCP, where the accumulated debris identified in the blind end of the CBD is then extracted. [ 5 ] [ 21 ] Alternative treatment procedures include making an incision in the major duodenal papilla to enlarge the bile duct opening (biliary sphincterotomy).
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