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Fractionating column. A fractionating column or fractional column is equipment used in the distillation of liquid mixtures to separate the mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on their differences in volatility. Fractionating columns are used in small-scale laboratory distillations as well as large-scale industrial distillations.
The fractional part or decimal part[1] of a non‐negative real number is the excess beyond that number's integer part. The latter is defined as the largest integer not greater than x, called floor of x or . Then, the fractional part can be formulated as a difference: The fractional part of logarithms, [2] specifically, is also known as the ...
Empirical evidence suggests that the smaller the increment of measurement, the longer the measured length becomes. If one were to measure a stretch of coastline with a yardstick, one would get a shorter result than if the same stretch were measured with a 1-foot (30 cm) ruler. This is because one would be laying the ruler along a more ...
A simple fraction (also known as a common fraction or vulgar fraction, where vulgar is Latin for "common") is a rational number written as a / b or , where a and b are both integers. [9] As with other fractions, the denominator (b) cannot be zero. Examples include 1 2 , − 8 5 , −8 5 , and 8 −5 .
A fractal dimension is an index for characterizing fractal patterns or sets by quantifying their complexity as a ratio of the change in detail to the change in scale. [5]: 1 Several types of fractal dimension can be measured theoretically and empirically (see Fig. 2). [3][9] Fractal dimensions are used to characterize a broad spectrum of ...
Fiber volume ratio is an important mathematical element in composite engineering. Fiber volume ratio, or fiber volume fraction, is the percentage of fiber volume in the entire volume of a fiber-reinforced composite material. [1] When manufacturing polymer composites, fibers are impregnated with resin. The amount of resin to fiber ratio is ...
Now, 93 / 43 = 2 + 7 / 43 ; the remaining fractional part, 7 / 43 , is the reciprocal of 43 / 7 , and 43 / 7 is around 6.1429. Use 6 as an approximation for this to obtain 2 + 1 / 6 as an approximation for 93 / 43 and 4 + 1 / 2 + 1 / 6 , about 4.4615, as the third approximation.
In algebra, the partial fraction decomposition or partial fraction expansion of a rational fraction (that is, a fraction such that the numerator and the denominator are both polynomials) is an operation that consists of expressing the fraction as a sum of a polynomial (possibly zero) and one or several fractions with a simpler denominator. [1]